Module 16: Eating Disorders Flashcards
What are the different eating disorders?
- Pica
- Rumination Disorder
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Binge-Eating Disorder
Pica
+ eating of non-nutritive, nonfood substances for at least 1 month
+ no biological abnormalities found
+ inappropriate to the developmental age
What can increase the risk of Pica?
neglect, lack of supervision, and developmental delay can increase the risk for this condition
What disorders are co-morbid with Pica?
co-morbid with ASD, ID, and to some degree, schizophrenia and OCD
What is Pica associated with?
can be associated with trichotillomania and excoriation, which the skin or hair is typically ingested
Rumination Disorder
+ repeated regurgitation of food for at least 1 month
+ irritable and hungry between episodes
+ re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit-out
+ self-soothing or self-stimulating
How can infants with rumination disorder be described as?
infants with rumination disorder display characteristic position of straining and arching the back with head held back, making sucking movements with their tongue (give an impression of pleasure or satisfaction)
What are the main features of rumination disorder?
weight loss and failure to make expected weight gains
Is there a biological explanation behind rumination disorder?
No as it is not attributable to gastrointestinal or other medical condition
What disorders can be comorbid with rumination disorder?
can occur in the context of a concurrent medical condition or another mental disorder
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
+ eating or feeding disturbance
lack of interest in eating food
+ dependence on enteral feeding or nutritional supplements
+ also known as Food Avoidance Emotional Disorder
What is a risk for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder?
familial anxiety
What sex is more likely to have A/RFID co-morbid with ASD?
A/RFID co-morbid with ASD has male predominance
What is the difference between A/RFID and anorexia nervosa?
if eating problems is the focus, then A/RFID, if weight, then Anorexia Nervosa
What can A/RFID lead to?
might precede the onset of Anorexia Nervosa
What is A/RFID comorbid with?
co-morbid with Anxiety disorders, ADHD, ID
Anorexia Nervosa
+ fear of gaining weight
+ very underweight
What are the subtypes of anorexia nervosa?
binge-eating/purging type and restricting type
What is anorexia nervosa associated with?
associated with stressful life event
When can BDD also be diagnosed in someone with anorexia nervosa?
additional diagnosis of BDD may be considered if the distortion is unrelated to body shape and size (there is a separation distortion in mind happening)
What biological symptoms are associated with anorexia nervosa?
amenorrhea and cardiovascular problems
What disorders are comorbid with anorexia nervosa?
+ Bipolar, Depressive, and anxiety disorders commonly co-occur with Anorexia Nervosa
+ Alcohol use Disorder and other substance disorder may also be co-morbid with Anorexia, especially those with binge eating/purging type
Bulimia Nervosa
+ recurrent episodes of binge-eating then purging to prevent weight gain
+ binge-eating for at least once a week for 3 months
+ normal weight
What can chronic purging result into?
+ chronic purging can result to enlargement of salivary gland caused by repeated vomiting, causing chubby face
+ electrolyte imbalance that may lead to arrythmia, seizures, and renal failure
Binge-Eating Disorder
+ recurrent episodes of just binge eating
+ do not show marked or sustained dietary restriction designed to influence body weight and shape between binge-eating episodes
+ usually overweight
According to laboratory studies, what are the effects of binge-eating disorder?
consume more calories in laboratory studies of eating behavior and have greater functional impairment, lower quality life, more subjective distress, and greater psychiatric comorbidity
What are the most common comorbid disorders with binge-eating disorder?
most common comorbid disorders – MDD and alcohol use disorder
