Module 16: Eating Disorders

Question 1

What are the different eating disorders?

Answer 1

1. Pica
2. Rumination Disorder
3. Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
4. Anorexia Nervosa
5. Bulimia Nervosa
6. Binge-Eating Disorder

Question 2

Pica

Answer 2

+ eating of non-nutritive, nonfood substances for at least 1 month
+ no biological abnormalities found
+ inappropriate to the developmental age

Question 3

What can increase the risk of Pica?

Answer 3

neglect, lack of supervision, and developmental delay can increase the risk for this condition

Question 4

What disorders are co-morbid with Pica?

Answer 4

co-morbid with ASD, ID, and to some degree, schizophrenia and OCD

Question 5

What is Pica associated with?

Answer 5

can be associated with trichotillomania and excoriation, which the skin or hair is typically ingested

Question 6

Rumination Disorder

Answer 6

+ repeated regurgitation of food for at least 1 month
+ irritable and hungry between episodes
+ re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit-out
+ self-soothing or self-stimulating

Question 7

How can infants with rumination disorder be described as?

Answer 7

infants with rumination disorder display characteristic position of straining and arching the back with head held back, making sucking movements with their tongue (give an impression of pleasure or satisfaction)

Question 8

What are the main features of rumination disorder?

Answer 8

weight loss and failure to make expected weight gains

Question 9

Is there a biological explanation behind rumination disorder?

Answer 9

No as it is not attributable to gastrointestinal or other medical condition

Question 10

What disorders can be comorbid with rumination disorder?

Answer 10

can occur in the context of a concurrent medical condition or another mental disorder

Question 11

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder

Answer 11

+ eating or feeding disturbance
lack of interest in eating food
+ dependence on enteral feeding or nutritional supplements
+ also known as Food Avoidance Emotional Disorder

Question 12

What is a risk for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder?

Answer 12

familial anxiety

Question 13

What sex is more likely to have A/RFID co-morbid with ASD?

Answer 13

A/RFID co-morbid with ASD has male predominance

Question 14

What is the difference between A/RFID and anorexia nervosa?

Answer 14

if eating problems is the focus, then A/RFID, if weight, then Anorexia Nervosa

Question 15

What can A/RFID lead to?

Answer 15

might precede the onset of Anorexia Nervosa

Question 16

What is A/RFID comorbid with?

Answer 16

co-morbid with Anxiety disorders, ADHD, ID

Question 17

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 17

+ fear of gaining weight
+ very underweight

Question 18

What are the subtypes of anorexia nervosa?

Answer 18

binge-eating/purging type and restricting type

Question 19

What is anorexia nervosa associated with?

Answer 19

associated with stressful life event

Question 20

When can BDD also be diagnosed in someone with anorexia nervosa?

Answer 20

additional diagnosis of BDD may be considered if the distortion is unrelated to body shape and size (there is a separation distortion in mind happening)

Question 21

What biological symptoms are associated with anorexia nervosa?

Answer 21

amenorrhea and cardiovascular problems

Question 22

What disorders are comorbid with anorexia nervosa?

Answer 22

+ Bipolar, Depressive, and anxiety disorders commonly co-occur with Anorexia Nervosa
+ Alcohol use Disorder and other substance disorder may also be co-morbid with Anorexia, especially those with binge eating/purging type

Question 23

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 23

+ recurrent episodes of binge-eating then purging to prevent weight gain
+ binge-eating for at least once a week for 3 months
+ normal weight

Question 24

What can chronic purging result into?

Answer 24

+ chronic purging can result to enlargement of salivary gland caused by repeated vomiting, causing chubby face
+ electrolyte imbalance that may lead to arrythmia, seizures, and renal failure

Question 25

Binge-Eating Disorder

Answer 25

+ recurrent episodes of just binge eating
+ do not show marked or sustained dietary restriction designed to influence body weight and shape between binge-eating episodes
+ usually overweight

Question 26

According to laboratory studies, what are the effects of binge-eating disorder?

Answer 26

consume more calories in laboratory studies of eating behavior and have greater functional impairment, lower quality life, more subjective distress, and greater psychiatric comorbidity

Question 27

What are the most common comorbid disorders with binge-eating disorder?

Answer 27

most common comorbid disorders – MDD and alcohol use disorder