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CAA Module 11 > Module 11.3 Aeroplane structures > Flashcards

Module 11.3 Aeroplane structures Flashcards

1
Q

What are two types of truss-type fuselage?

A
  • Pratt
  • Warren
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2
Q

What are the similarities between the two types of truss construction?

A
  • Longerons
  • Vertical struts
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3
Q

What load can the diagonal stays take on a Pratt truss-type fuselage and why?

A

Tension only as they are wires

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4
Q

What loads can warren type diagonal members take?

A

Compression and tension

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5
Q

Where are loads carried in a stressed skin fuselage?

A

In the exterior skin

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6
Q

What is sealant used for?

A

To provide leak free seals at joints

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7
Q

What are the two methods of sealing?

A

Faying and fillet

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8
Q

When would a faying seal be used?

A

Two overlapping surfaces i.e. Joggle joint

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9
Q

When would a fillet seal be used?

A

Two joined pieces of metal i.e. stringer to skin

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10
Q

How is pressure retained when cables and electrical wires pass through pressure bulkheads?

A

Grease filled pressure seal

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11
Q

What are the fuselage attachments?

A
  • Wings
  • Pylons
  • Stabilisers
  • Landing gear
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12
Q

What can be done to the fuselage to accept a centre wing box?

A

Notched or cut

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13
Q

Where are lugs mounted on the wing?

A

Forward and aft wing spar

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14
Q

How is the vertical fin attached?

A

Lugs/ bolt fittings on a frame member

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15
Q

Where are the fittings on the stabiliser?

A

In line with the front and rear spar

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16
Q

What transfers the thrust load from the engine to the wing in the pylon?

A

Upper, middle and lower spar

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17
Q

What is the streamlined enclosure that a pylon is attached to called?

A

Nacelle

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18
Q

Where are the lugs for engine to pylon and pylon to wing?

A

Forward and aft

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19
Q

Where is the landing gear attached?

A

Wing spar/ framework of spar

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20
Q

What can form the forward and aft wall of wheel wells?

A

Bulkheads

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21
Q

What do seat tracks allow for?

A

Easy removal of the seats and a secure attachment

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22
Q

Why are ball mats used at the entrance of the cargo hold?

A

To allow for manoeuvring of the cargo during unloading and loading

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23
Q

What are the 3 components needed in the cargo loading system? (Not part names)

A
  • Transport
  • Guidance
  • Restraining and locking
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24
Q

What can move the cargo over the cargo hold floor?

A

PDU’s, Power Drive Units

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25
What are some transport components in the cargo bay?
PDU's and ball mat
26
What is the purpose of an ARO? (Cargo bay)
Anti-Roll-Out prevents the ULD from moving/falling out
27
Where are ARO's found?
Cargo door sill
28
If switch is on and aircraft power is on what condition must be met for loading system to work?
Cargo door must be fully open
29
What doors are used for loading, unloading and emergency exit?
Main Entry Doors (MED's)
30
What do service doors allow?
Access to systems for servicing
31
How does a plug type door seal itself?
Seals itself by taking advantage of the differences in pressure. The high pressure wedges the door into the frame
32
How does a non plug type door seal itself?
Opens outward and locks with pins or latches
33
What type of doors are cargo and service doors?
Non-plug type
34
How are MED's numbered?
From nose to tail, followed by letters corresponding to the side of the aircraft
35
How is the crew notified that the door is latched correctly?
Door warning system
36
What is the aircraft door structure similar too?
The fuselage
37
What is skinned on the inside and outside of the door for strength?
Vertical and horizontal aluminium structural members
38
What does the door structure consist of?
- Beams main structure in frame - Formers connect parts or attach brackets - Intercostals provide additional rigidity
39
What does the door frame stop do?
Holds the door closed when pressurised using a pressure stop pin
40
What transfers the pressure loads to fuselage fittings?
Pressure stop fitting
41
What are the functions of door seals?
- Stop leaks and light - Reduce noise and thermal - Improve streamlining
42
When do some seals inflate?
When the aircraft is pressurised
43
What are the locking mechanisms controlled by? (Doors)
Interior and exterior handles
44
If a MED is to be opened from the inside, what precaution must be taken before hand?
Ensure the door is disarmed
45
The operator should ensure what light is not lit before opening a MED?
That the cabin pressure light is not lit
46
What are some requirements for the flight deck door?
- Lockable - Bulletproof etc. - Decompression panel
47
What should occur in the event of cockpit decompression?
Door opens if not the panel will
48
Where are emergency exit hatches located?
Over the wing
49
What holds the emergency slide to the aircraft?
Girt bar
50
What will happen if someone attempts to open a door that is still armed?
A Light will illuminate warning the person that the door is still armed. This is only an issue if the door is opened from the inside.
51
What should be installed on the cargo door actuators to stop them from closing?
Safety gags
52
What can be installed to ensure the MED is in the disarmed position?
Safety pins
53
What are cargo doors connected to?
Fuselage frames
54
Where is the bulk cargo door?
Behind the aft cargo door on the right
55
How is the bulk cargo door opened?
Manually
56
What assists in the opening of the bulk cargo door?
Counterbalance spring
57
What are passenger windows attached to?
Frames that are part of the fuselage
58
What is the composition of a passenger window?
Outer pane into the frame with a retaining device. Followed by a seal and the inner pane
59
What windows are in the flight deck?
3 on each side. Centre is the windshield, middle is the moveable and the furthest back is a fixed window
60
How is the glass in the cockpit constructed?
Laminated with sealant in-between.
61
What is the anti-ice protection of a window?
Conductive lamination to defrost/ de-mist
62
What additional benefit does the heating element have for the window?
Increase impact resistance
63
Chips, Cracks and scratches should lead to window replacement under what conditions?
- Chips, Cracks in inner pane - Cracks in the outer glass - Cracks in the vinyl - Scratches more than 0.002 inches deep
64
What does a full cantilever design mean?
The weight of the wings is fully supported by the fuselage with no braces
65
What are jury struts?
Struts that run vertical
66
What is the wing construction based on?
Mono-spar, multi-spar and box beam
67
Wing tips are for what purpose?
Round off wing and have the Nav light
68
What can be done to ensure safety while working on primary control surfaces?
Control locks
69
What are methods of balancing?
- Aerodynamic (Horn) - Mass balancing
70
What is the function of a pylon?
To carry the engine
71
Where is the aileron attached to the wing tips?
The front spar of the aileron is attached to the rear spar of the wing
72
Where are the outboard set of spoilers located?
Aft face of the wing rear spar
73
Where are the inboard set of spoilers located?
Aft face of the spoilers support beam
74
What are both the inboard flaps attached to?
Spoiler support beam and landing gear support beam
75
What are both the outboard flaps attached to?
Lower edges of special wing ribs, forward of the wing rear spar
76
Where are the actuators for LE flaps and slats?
Forward face of the wing front spar
77
How is the vertical fin accessed?
Removable access door bolted to the inside of the fuselage
78
What are the control surface attachment types?
Hinges or tracks
79
What does the torque box house?
Bearing and engine attachments fittings
80
Where is the fan cowl support beam?
Extends forward of the torque box and is bolted by a link and attachment fittings to the forward end of the torque box
81
When the aircraft is airborne, what stress affects the engine mount bolts?
Torsional
82
When the aircraft is on the ground, what engine mount bolts take the weight of the engine?
Top bolts
83
What forces does the forward engine mount take?
- Vertical, side and axial
84
What can both the aft and forward turbofan engine mount accommodate for?
Thermal expansion
85
What forces can the aft engine mount take?
- Vertical and side loads
86
What type of engine would an engine mount ring be found?
Reciprocating
87
What are the mounts on a reciprocating engine called?
Dynafocal mounts
88
What is the purpose of dynafocal mounts?
Isolate vibration from engine
89
How are powerplants divided into cooling zones?
Fireproof bulkheads, known as firewalls
90
What must fire shields and heat blankets be examined for?
Cracks, tears and burned areas
91
Where are flameproof panels and diaphragms in the engine?
Nose cowl, hinged cowl panels and engine pylon. Combustion section and gas generator also has flameproof panels.

CAA Module 11 (22 decks)

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