Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CAA Module 11 > Module 11.10 Fuel systems > Flashcards

Module 11.10 Fuel systems Flashcards

1
Q

All fuel tanks have a sump and a drain at the lowest point of the tank for what purpose?

A

To allow contaminants and water to settle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the purpose baffle in all tanks except the smallest?

A

To prevent fuel surges when the Aircraft is manoeuvred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is provided in the fuel tanks to allow from volume increase with temp?

A

Expansion space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are jettison valves?

A

Valves that allow the fuel to be jettisoned to reduce weight to the correct landing weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are trim tanks?

A

They store fuel and trim the aircraft

i.e. THS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the purpose of cavities in the wing tips?

A

Vent/surge tanks ensure fuel tanks are properly vented to remove vapours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How can mach tuck be corrected using fuel?

A

Move fuel from forward to aft tank, CoG moves back at the same rate as the CoP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Depending on location and application fuel lines can be what?

A
  • Rigid
  • Flexible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an additional use of fuel in the engine?

A

Cooling of IDG oil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where would CRES lines be used?

A

Engines, wheel wells, any areas susceptible to high temp, abrasion and debris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are rigid lines made from?

A

Aluminium alloy or CRES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What may be added on top of rigid and flexible fuel lines for extra protection?

A

Fire sleeve (corner held on with steel clamps)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What must be done to all fuel lines?

A

Bonded and grounded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If a leak is detected on a fitting, what should be done?

A

Re-torque the fitting, don’t over torque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What fuel do reciprocating engines use?

A

AvGas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 3 jet fuel types?

A
  • Jet A
  • Jet A1
  • Jet B
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Can AvGas and jet fuel be mixed?

A

No they can’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How are different types of fuel distinguished?

A

Fuel colour coding:
- AvGas purple
- Jet A colourless or straw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why may jet B be used, but what is the drawback to use?

A

Lowest freezing point -50C

But it is more volatile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 3 types of fuel tank?

A
  • Rigid removable
  • Bladder
  • Integral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are rigid fuel tanks made from?

A

3003 or 5052 aluminium alloy or CRES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How are seams sealed to prevent leaks?

A
  • Riveted
  • Welded
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

To minimise vaporisation what should be done to the fuel?

A

Pressurised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How should bladder tanks be installed into the structural bay or cavity?

A

Smooth without wrinkles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Bladder tanks may sit on raised internal structures like ribs or frames, what is used to support the tank?

A

Fibreglass planks to prevent chaffing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is another material that may be used for rigid?

A

Terneplate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Where are seams on a bladder tank?

A

Around installed features like valves, drains, vents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How may a leak be repaired in a bladder tank?

A

Apply a patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are integral fuel tanks?

A

Fuel tanks that use the structure or fuselage of the aircraft for fuel storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the benefit to integral fuel tanks?

A
  • Reduced weight
  • High volume
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Aircraft with wing tanks are commonly referred to have what?

A

Wet wings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the purpose of baffle check valves?

A

To allow fuel to move from outboard to inboard, but not inboard to outboard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the purpose of integral fuel tank access panel?

A

Allow for inspection and maintenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are aluminium panels sealed in place with?

A

O-rings and an aluminium braided gasket

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the purpose of the aluminium gasket?

A

Electrostatic bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What does SFAR88 require?

A

Permanent fuel tank safety requiring the inspection of the designed fuel systems and components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What does a Critical Design Control Configuration Limitations (CDCCL) include?

A

All information necessary to ensure the safety of fuel tank systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the NGS?

A

Nitrogen generation system, improves fuel tank safety by replacing oxygen in tanks with nitrogen.

Inert Gas System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

How does the NGS work?

A

Produce Nitrogen Enriched Air (NEA) by taking bleed air and filtering out oxygen in the Air Separation Module (ASM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is done with the oxygen after it is separated by the hollow fibres in the ASM?

A

Vented overboard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Where is the access to wing boxes?

A

Rear spars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Why is there a need for nitrogen to be constantly fed into the fuel tanks?

A

Displace air that enters to equalise the pressure between the fuel tanks and the ambient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What two modes does the IGS operate in?

A
  • Low flow
  • high flow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What are the 4 leak classifications?

A

1 - Stain
2 - Seep
3 - Heavy seep
4 - Running leak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

How long is needed to monitor a leak?

A

30 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What are some examples of items that are part of the CDCCL?

A
  • Bonding leads
  • FQI harness and probes
  • In tank harness routing
  • Fuel pumps
  • Wing access doors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Can CDCCL items be changed?

A

No they can not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is a CDCCL feature of fuel pumps?

A

They stop pumping if the fuel level is too low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What are the requirements prior to fuel tank entry?

A
  • Drained
  • Vapours purged
  • Breathing apparatus
  • Safety person outside
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Fuel tanks should be vented to ensure the concentration of fuel tank vapours are below what level?

A

Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the hazard level in regards to fuel vapour concentration?

A

When the vapour levels are between LEL and the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)

52
Q

What are the types of fuel supply?

A
  • Gravity
  • Pressurised
  • Injection
53
Q

In gravity refuelling the tanks are vented to the outside and each other, for what purpose?

A

To maintain equal pressure

54
Q

What aircraft can’t use gravity fuel feed?

A
  • Low wing level
55
Q

To get adequate fuel pressure what is used?

A

Engine and/or electrically driven pumps

56
Q

When may pressure fuel feeding be used?

A
  • Fuel tank to far from engine
  • Fuel tank too low
  • Fuel flow rate too high
57
Q

What is the injection fuel feed system?

A

Combines gravity and pressure fuel feed systems

58
Q

What is the disadvantage to hand operated pumps?

A

Requires fuel to be routed through the flight deck

59
Q

The wobble/hand pump is what type of pump?

A

Double acting, delivers on forward and back stroke.

Vane type

60
Q

Vane type pumps are used for what purpose in piston aircraft?

A

Used as engine driven primary fuel pumps and auxiliary or boost pumps

61
Q

Vane type pumps are what type of displacement?

A

Constant displacement/delivery

62
Q

Unnecessary pressure build up can be relieved by what?

A
  • Adjustable pressure relief
  • Different pump
    - Centrifugal
63
Q

Constant displacement pumps can cause what issue?

A

Pressure build up

64
Q

Where can centrifugal pumps be installed? (what extra items may be needed)

A
  • Inside the fuel tank
  • Outside the tank: it needs a pump removal valve to stop fuel spill when remove pumps
65
Q

What type of displacement is a centrifugal pump?

A

Variable

66
Q

Pumps in the tank require what?

A

Explosion/fuel proof housing. Canister

67
Q

Inlet tube can have what so that when the pump is replaced there is no need to drain the tanks?

A

Shut-off valve

68
Q

What is the most common type of pump in aircraft?

A

Centrifugal pump

69
Q

What is the purpose of an ejector/jet pump?

A

Assist in ensuring that there is always fuel at the inlet of the booster pump

70
Q

Where would the suction port be placed?

A

In the centre tank and/or the outboard tanks

71
Q

Motive flow is taken from what tank to draw fuel from the outboard and centre wing tanks?

A

Wing tank in the Collector cell

72
Q

How are fuel tanks designed with respect to pumps?

A

They are designed to ensure that there is always a fuel supply at the pump inlet

73
Q

Where are fuel pumps in a fuel tank?

A

In an area called the collector cell

74
Q

Ejector/jet pump are used for what reason in the collector cell?

A

To provide enough fuel to the pumps

75
Q

Where is motive flow taken from?

A

The booster pump

76
Q

What pump type has no moving parts?

A

Jet/ejector pump

77
Q

What can an ejector pump not operate without?

A

Booster pump

78
Q

What is required at the tank outlet/pump inlet?

A

Filtration screen

79
Q

What are surge tanks?

A

Normally empty tanks that are designed to contain fuel overflow

80
Q

What is the purpose of venting?

A
  • Outward, equalise pressure with outside
  • Inward, venting replace fuel with air to prevent negative pressure
81
Q

Where is a vent float valve installed?

A

In the vent system

82
Q

What position would the float be in if there is low fuel?

A

Fully open

83
Q

What do flapper valves do?

A

Allow fuel to travel outboard to inboard through baffles in wings, but not inboard to outboard

84
Q

Manually operated drain valves consist of a piston and check valve, what are these closed by?

A

Springs

85
Q

How do you operate the drain valve?

A

Drain tool inserted, pressure applied. Piston moved into check valve opening it draining it.

86
Q

How do you know when to stop draining?

A

When there is a smell of fuel

87
Q

What happens to the centre of gravity during flight?

A

It moves around

88
Q

How can the CoG be controlled to ensure that it remains within limits?

A

By moving fuel from the centre and wing tanks to the aft trim tanks. Vice versa

89
Q

Transfer from centre to trim tanks is called what?

A

Aft transfer

90
Q

What happens to the aft limit during flight?

A

It moves as the weight of the aircraft drops

91
Q

How is CoG given?

A

As a percentage of Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC)

92
Q

What type of pump is a centrifugal pump?

A

Non-positive

93
Q

What are the three outputs of booster pumps?

A
  • Engine feed
  • Ejector pump motive flow
  • Wing to centre transfers
94
Q

Where do the booster pumps feed fuel to?

A

Engine feed manifold

95
Q

What would the fuel tanker be connected to?

A

Refuel/Defuel coupling which is connected to the Refuel/Defuel manifold

96
Q

Branches extend from the Refuel/Defuel manifold these deposit fuel into the tanks, what control this movement?

A

Tank inlet valve

97
Q

When would the cross-feed valves be used?

A

Fuel imbalance, it is not a transfer of fuel but used to provide positive fuel feed to the engine

98
Q

Under normal circumstances would cross-feed be used?

A

No it wouldn’t be

99
Q

What are the 2 types of fuel transfer?

A
  • In flight
  • Ground
100
Q

If there is a loss of electrical power the cross feed valve can be moved by what?

A

A manual override

101
Q

Why is there a connection between the engine feed gallery and the refuel/defuel gallery?

A

For fuel transfer:

  • Wings to centre
  • Centre to wings
102
Q

What is jettisoning?

A

Discarding of fuel overboard to get the aircraft below the Max Landing Weight (MLW)

103
Q

To save weight jettison lines are often shared with what?

A

Refuel/defuel lines

104
Q

Why is fuel jettisoned?

A

To get the aircrafts weight below the MLW

105
Q

Why are jettison valves buttons usually guarded?

A

To prevent accidental operation

106
Q

How is the jettison system designed?

A

Designed so that there is no chance of accidentally empty all fuel. This may be done by not all tanks have a jettison connection

107
Q

What must be done before the refuelling is commenced?

A

Grounding and bonding

108
Q

What should be tested before refuelling?

A

The tank inlet valves

109
Q

What are the 3 modes of pressure refuelling?

A
  • Manual
  • Automatic
  • Override
110
Q

What is auto refuelling controlled by?

A

An onboard computer

111
Q

When connecting the refuel nozzle what does the plunger do?

A

Raises the check valve to allow fuel to enter

112
Q

When would override mode be used?

A

When there is no electrical power to the refuelling valves

113
Q

Pressure defueling utilises what pumps?

A

Boosters

114
Q

Does gravity defuelling exist?

A

No!

115
Q

What is the disadvantage of suction defuelling?

A
  • Takes longer
  • Not all tanks can do it
  • Empties all tanks at the same time
116
Q

How is the information about fuel quantity given?

A

Fuel gauges

117
Q

How are variable capacitance transmitters installed?

A

In fuel tanks and go from top to bottom. Also called probes

118
Q

How does a ratiometer type fuel level indicator work?

A

Movement of a float

119
Q

What is the purpose of the compensator?

A

Modifies the current flow to reflect temp variation which affects density

120
Q

What are types of mechanical indicators?

A
  • Dipstick
  • Dripstick
  • Magnetic level indicators
121
Q

Where is the ultrasonic level sensor mounted?

A

On the top skin

122
Q

Other than fuel quantity what is measured in the tank?

A

Temperature

123
Q
A
124
Q

How may low fuel temperature be rectified?

A

Fuel heater

125
Q

Monitoring fuel pressure gives the flight crew what?

A

Early indication of a fuel system malfunction

126
Q

During suction defuelling what provides the suction pressure?

A

The fuel truck

127
Q
A

CAA Module 11 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions