Module 11; Lymphatic System Flashcards
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
(1) Maintenance of Fluid Balance
(2) Lipid Absorption
(3) Defense
How many liters of fluid pass to the blood capillaries to the interstitial spaces each day?
30L
How many liters of fluid pass to interstitial spaces back to the capillaries?
27L
How many liters of fluid are expected to enter in the lymphatic capillaries?
3L (More than 3 L that do not return to the 27L or the 3L will only remain into the interstitial fluid, causing edema that can lead to tissue damage or death)
Once it gets to the lymphatic, the fluid is now called?
Lymph
This is a lymphatic fluid composed of white blood cells WBCs, especially lymphocytes; travels through the lymphatic vessels and capillaries.
Lymph
What are the two important substances comprising the lymph?
(1) Substances in the Plasma
(2) Hormones and Enzymes
These are the materials constituting the lymph and are characterized as some ions, nutrients and gases and some proteins.
Substances in the Plasma
How does the lymphatic system participate in lipid absorption?
The lymphatic system absorbs lipid from the digestive tract to the lymphatic called lacteals.
These are lymphatic vessels located in the small intestine (lining), where lipid is absorbed from the digestive tract to the lymphatic.
Lacteals
If the lymphatic passes to the lymphatic vessels and it appears white it is called ___________.
Chyle
What causes infection in the GI level?
Too much antacid and protein pump inhibitor (anything that ends with dine) can cause infection in GI level due to the alterations in the production of the lymph from the lacteals.
How does the lymphatic system participate in defense?
Defense in a microorganism and foreign substance as it filters in the (1) lymph nodes from the blood into the (2) spleen (graveyard of the dead RBC).
This is where microorganisms, pathogens and foreign substances are filtered initially from the blood.
Lymph Nodes
This is known as the graveyard of the dead RBCs.
Spleen
How does the lymphatic system carry fluid?
It carries fluid in one direction (from tissues to the circulatory system). Fluid moves from blood capillaries to tissue spaces to become a lymph.
These are tiny, closed-ended vessels, consist of simple squamous epithelium. The overlapping squamous cells prevent backflow of fluid. It is present in most tissues of the body (except: central nervous system, bone marrow, tissues w/o blood vessels)
Lymphatic Capillaries
How are lymphatic capillaries more permeable to blood capillaries?
More permeable than the blood capillaries because they lack placement membrane and the fluid moves easily to them; the fluid moves easily to them; it is present across except in the CNS
Where are lymphatic capillaries not present in?
CNS, bone marrow and tissue lacks the blood vessel and other areas like cartilage and epidermis (absent in lymphatic system because it lacks blood vessels)
This is similar to the blood capillaries, which resemble small veins. It has beaded appearance because they have one-way valves (similar to the valve of the vein).
Lymphatic Vessels
What happens when the lymphatic vessels are compressed?
Compression of the lymphatic vessels causes lymph to move forward. And causes the valve to prevent backward movement of the lymph.
(When there is a constriction or impede, it causes accumulation, wherein the lymph nodes cannot pass through the one way path, therefore leading to occlusion or compression)
What are the factors that causes the compression of the lymphatic vessels?
(1) contraction of surrounding skeletal muscles during activity (muscles)
(2) periodic contraction of the smooth muscle in the lymphatic vessel wall (during activity)
(3) the pressure changes in the thorax during breathing, especially the thymus
These are small, rounded structures , varying from size of a small seed to that of a shelled almond. It filter the lymph, remove bacteria and other materials.
These are distributed along the various lymphatic vessels and may be classified as superficial or deep.
Lymph Nodes
These are the lymph nodes found in the subcutaneous tissue beneath the skin.
Superficial Lymph Nodes