Module 10: Digestive System Flashcards
What comprises the digestive system?
(1) Alimentary canal (straight or linear path)
(2) Accessory Organs
What comprises the Alimentary Canal?
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
What comprises the Accessory Organs?
teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, pancreas
This major process involves the taking food into the digestive tract. It is one of the major roles of the mouth.
Ingestion
This major process involves moving food through the canal,
includes swallowing and peristalsis. It mainly involves the mouth, pharynx, and the esophagus due to peristalsis.
Propulsion
This major process involves preparing for digestion by enzymes, included chewing, mixing with saliva, churning in the stomach, segmentation.
Mechanical Breakdown
This major process involves enzymatic degradation of food
molecules. This is the major role of the small intestine and stomach.
Digestion
This major process involves the passage of end-products from lumen to blood or lymph.
Absorption
This major process involves the elimination of indigestible substances. It involves your sigmoidal colon and the anus.
Defecation
This is the most extensive membrane in the abdominopelvic cavity that is composed of layer of smooth epithelial tissue. It extends over your body’s surface area.
Peritoneum (derived from the Greek word peritonion, which means to stretch round)
This peritoneum covers the external surface of digestive organs.
Visceral Peritoneum
This peritoneum lines the body wall.
Parietal Peritoneum
This potential space containing fluid secreted by serous membranes which allows digestive organs to glide easily across one another.
Peritoneal Cavity
This is a double layer of peritoneum that 1) provide routes for blood vessels, lymph and nerves, 2) holds organ in place, 3) store fat
Mesentery
This is the connective tissue of organs in the abdominal cavity
Mesentery
This is a form of mesentery connecting lesser curvature of stomach to liver and diaphragm
Lesser Omentum
This is a form of mesentery connecting greater curvature of the stomach to transverse colon and posterior body wall
Greater Omentum
What are the three salivary glands that aids in the formation of the saliva?
(1) Parotid
(2) Sublingual
(3) Submandibular
This part of the saliva aids your immune system.
Immunoglobulin
How much fluid does peritoneal cavity contain?
100 mL (serous fluid)
This condition pertains to the inflammation of the peritoneum due to the friction between the visceral and parietal peritoneum, thus leading to a board like abdomen.
Peritonitis
Are there any organs in the peritoneum?
No, but all the organs in the system is contained in the abdominopelvic cavity.
How does the peritoneum play an important part for patients with kidney problems?
The peritoneum is used to clear out the blood of patients that have none functioning kidneys.
This pertains to the posterior region of the peritoneum, where the pancreas, the kidneys, and the duodenum, as well as the rectum and the urinary bladder are located.
Retroperitoneum