Module 08: Respiratory System Flashcards
This system consists of the structures used to acquire oxygen (0,) and remove carbon dioxide (CO) from the blood.
Respiratory System
This is required for the body’s cells to synthesize the chemical energy molecule, ATP.
Oxygen
This is the= by-product of ATP production and must be removed from the blood. Otherwise, increased levels of this, will lower the pH of the blood. The blood pH must be maintained within relatively narrow limits to maintain homeostasis.
Carbon Dioxide
This encloses the chamber for air inspiration. Although air can be inspired through the mouth.
External Nose
This is a cleaning, warming, and humidifying chamber for inspired air.
Nasal Cavity
This is commonly called the throat. It serves as a shared passageway for food and air.
Pharynx
This is frequently called the voice box. Its rigid structure helps keep the airway constantly open, or patent
Larynx
This is commonly known as the windpipe. It serves as an air-cleaning tube to funnel inspired air to each lung.
Trachea
This is a labyrinth of air tubes and a complex network of air sacs, called alveoli, and capillaries
Lungs
The air sacs are separated by walls of connective tissue containing both __________________- fibers. Each air sac is the site of gas exchange between the air and the blood.
collagenous and elastic
This is critical for homeostasis and has two (2) broad aspects known as ventilation and respiration.
Respiration or Breathing
This is simply movement of air into and out of the lungs (atmosphere to the lungs)
ventilation
This is the diffusion of gases across cell (lungs to the cells)
respiration
This type of respiration pertains to the movement of gases between atmospheric air in the lungs and the blood. This is also when oxygen moves out of the alveoli to the blood and the carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood and joins the air of the alveoli.
External Respiration
This type of respiration pertains to the movement of gases between the blood and the body’s cells.. This is when the gas exchanges with the tissues involves the exit of the oxygen from the blood to the cells, while the carbon dioxide exit from the cells and enter the blood.
Internal Respiration
This region of the respiratory system includes the structures from the nose to the larynx
Upper respiratory tract
This region of the respiratory system includes the structures from the trachea through the alveoli in the lungs.
Lower respiratory tract
This zone encompasses the structures from the nose to the smallest air tubes within the lungs and is strictly for ventilation.
Conducting Zone
This zone is solely within the lungs and includes some specialized small air tubes and the alveoli. This is where gas exchange occurs.
Respiratory zone
What are the four (4) simultaneous processes?
(1) Ventilation
(2) External Respiration
(3) Gas transport
(4) Internal Respiration
This is what we more commonly refer to as breathing. Air moves into and out of the respiratory passages.
Ventilation
In this, at the terminal portion of the air tubes, are tiny air sacs called alveoli. Oxygen moves out of the alveolar air and into the blood. At the same time, CO, diffuses out of the blood and joins the air in the alveoli.
External Respiration
This process refers to the system of carbon dioxide and O, travelling in the blood to and from cells.
Gas Exchange
This process pertains to the gas exchange with the tissues that involves the exit of O, from the blood into cells, while Co, exits cells to enter the blood.
Internal Respiration