Module 11 Flashcards
Who created the first mental asylums in the US and lobbied for change in the way the mentally ill were cared for in the 19th century?
Dorothy Dix
Deinstitutionalization
the closing of large asylums, by providing for people to stay in their communities and be treated locally
Psychotherapy
psychological treatment that employs various methods to help someone overcome personal problems, or to attain personal growth
Psychodynamic psychotherapy
talk therapy based on belief that the unconscious and childhood conflicts impact behavior; patient talks about past
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
work to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors; patient learns to identify self-defeating behaviors to overcome an eating disorder
Humanistic therapy
increase self-awareness and acceptance through focus on conscious thoughts; patient learns to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals
Free association
patient relaxes and then says whatever comes to mind at the moment
Transference
the patient transfers all the positive or negative emotions associated with the patient’s other relationships to the psychoanalyst
Psychoanalysis
developed by Sigmund Freud; first form of psychotherapy; therapists help their patients look into their past to uncover repressed feelings
Counterconditioning
a client learns a new response to a stimulus that has previously elicited an undesirable behavior; 2 versions are aversive conditioning and exposure therapy
Aversive conditioning
uses an unpleasant stimulus to stop an undesirable behavior
Exposure therapy
Mary Cover Jones; a therapist seeks to treat clients’ fears or anxiety by presenting them with the object or situation that causes their problem, with the idea that they will eventually get used to it
Systemic desensitization
a calm and pleasant state is gradually associated with increasing levels of anxiety-inducing stimuli
Cognitive therapy
Aaron Beck; a form of psychotherapy that focuses on how a person’s thoughts lead to feelings of distress
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
helps clients examine how their thoughts affect their behavior; aims to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors
Humanistic therapy
helps people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves; focuses on conscious instead of unconscious like psychoanalysis
Rogerian/client-centered/nondirective therapy
a therapeutic approach in which the therapist does not give advice or provide interpretations but helps the person to identify conflicts and understand feelings; active listening; unconditional positive regard
Antipsychotics
treat schizophrenia; treat positive psychotic symptoms such as auditory and visual hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia by blocking the neurotransmitter dopamine
Atypical antipsychotics
treat schizophrenia; treat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as withdrawal and apathy, by targeting both dopamine and serotonin receptors; newer medications may treat both positive and negative symptoms
Anti-depressants
treat depression and sometimes anxiety; alter levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine
Anti-anxiety agents
treat anxiety and agitation in OCD, PTSD, panic disorder, social phobia; depress central nervous system activity
Mood stabilizers
treat bipolar disorder; treat episodes of mania as well as depression
Stimulants
treat ADHD; improve ability to focus on a task and maintain attention
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
involves using an electrical current to induce seizures to help alleviate the effects of severe depression
Structural family therapy
the therapist examines and discusses the boundaries and structure of the family
Strategic family therapy
the goal is to address specific problems within the family that can be dealt with in a relatively short amount of time
