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OB 1 > Module 1 review questions > Flashcards

Module 1 review questions Flashcards

1
Q

A summary of a woman’s pregnancy outcomes.

A

Gravidity

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2
Q

a hormone produced by the corpus luteum and the placenta

A

progesterone

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3
Q

male gamete

A

spermatazoon

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4
Q

a structure within the cavity of the blastocyst, which provides nourishment to the embryo and produces its first blood cells; the secondary umbilical vesicle (yolk sac) is the first structure to be sonographically identified within the gest=ational sac

A

umbilical vesicle (synonym: yolk sac)

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5
Q

a single cell resulting from the fusion of two gametes

A

zygote

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6
Q

compression of the aorta and inferior vena cava by the gravid uterus resulting in symptoms of nausea, hypotension, lightheadedness, and syncope

A

aortocaval compression syndrome

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7
Q

pregnancy outside of the uterus

A

ectopic pregnancy

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8
Q

the amount of transmitted energy by the ultrasound beam. The higher the frequency, the lower the MI, thus, the lower the frequency, the higher the MI

A

mechanical indices

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9
Q

condition where the placenta implantation is low in the uterus and will deliver before the fetus

A

placenta previa

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10
Q

the output power indication of the amount of acoustic power it takes to raise the temperature of tissue by 1 degree celcius

A

thermal indices

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11
Q

entrapment of the umbilical cord between presenting fetal par and the cervix

A

vasa previa

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12
Q

principle minimizing the risk of ultrasound-induced bioeffects by controlling acoustic output, scan modes, machine settings, and duration of exposure

A

ALARA

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13
Q

the membrane enclosing the amniotic cavity and embryo or fetus

A

amnion

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14
Q

an early gestation consisting of a thin outer layer of cells (trophoblast), a fluid-filled cavity, and an inner cell mass (embryoblast)

A

blastocyst

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15
Q

the membrane around the chorionic cavity, made up of trophoblast cells and extraembryonic mesoderm

A

chorion

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16
Q

bud-like outward growths from the trophoblast, some of which will give rise to the fetal portion of the placenta

A

chorionic villi

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17
Q

The duration of pregnancy, counted from fertilization (conception), expressed in hours or days, also called embryonic age or postovulatory age

A

conceptual age

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18
Q

The product of fertilization, including all stages from zygote fetus

A

conceptus

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19
Q

The progesterone-secreting structure formed by a follicle after releasing its oocyte

A

corpus luteum

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20
Q

measurement of the longest axis of an embryo to determine gestational age

A

crown-rump length

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21
Q

Due dated calculated by adding 280 days to the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP); also called estimated date of confinement (EDC)

A

estimated due date (EDD)

22
Q

Changes in the endometrium to allow implantation of a blastocyst

A

decidualization

23
Q

A group of hormones, primarily produced in the ovaries, which affect secondary sex characteristics and the menstrual cycle

A

estrogen

24
Q

penetration of an oocyte by a sperm to form a diploid zygote

A

fertilization

25
Q

A hormone produced in the anterior pituitary, which stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

26
Q

cell that, when merged with a gamete from the opposite sex, creates a diploid zygote

A

gamete haploid

27
Q

The duration of pregnancy, counted from the first day of the LMP, expressed in weeks and days or fractions of weeks. A pregnancy ytpically lasts about 280 days, or 40 weeks, counted from the first day of the LMP, and is commonly divided into three trimesters

A

gestational age

28
Q

0 day (first day of LMP) to the end of the 13th weeks

A

first trimester

29
Q

14 weeks to the end of the 27th week

A

second trimester

30
Q

28 weeks to delivery

A

third trimester

31
Q

The first sonographic evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy, the fluid-filled blastocyst

A

gestational sax

32
Q

The number of times a woman has been pregnant

A

gravidity

33
Q

A hormone produced by trophoblast cells of the blastocyst, which extends the life of the corpus luteum in the ovary, most pregnancy tests are based on detection of hCG

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin

34
Q

first day of last menstrual period

A

LMP

35
Q

A hormone produced in the anterior pituitary, which triggers ovulation in females

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

36
Q

an average diameter of the gestational sac used to determine gestational age

A

mean sac diameter

37
Q

The solid cluster of undifferentiated cells formed by repeated cleavage of the single cell that resulted from the fusion of two gametes

A

morula

38
Q

Calculation to find a patient’s EDD:
1. Take LMP
2. Add 1 year
3. subtract 3 months
4. add 7 days

A

Naegele’s rule

39
Q

subcuteaneous fluid in the posterior region of the neck of embryos and fetuses up to 14 weeks gestational age. Abnormally large NTs have been associated with a higher risk of chromosomal and structural abnormalities

A

nuchal translucency

40
Q

female gamete (also called ovum or egg)

A

oocyte

41
Q

A protein produced by the trophoblasts, abnormal levels of which may be associated with an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities

A

pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A)

42
Q

toward the feet

A

caudal

43
Q

toward the head

A

cranial

44
Q

toward the back or spine

A

dorsal

45
Q

Body in the erect position with the palms forward and feet pointed forward

A

anatomic position

46
Q

toward the belly or front

A

ventral

47
Q

position of the fetus in utero

A

fetal lie

48
Q

term used to indicate the fetal head is down towards the cervix

A

vertex

49
Q

indicates the fetal buttocks are down toward the cervix

A

breech

50
Q

topmost point of the skull

A

cephalic

OB 1 (16 decks)

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