Chapter 4: Obstetric Scanning Primer

Question 1

compression of the aorta and the inferior vena cava by the gravid uterus resulting in symptoms of nausea, hypotension, lightheadedness, and syncope

Answer 1

aortocaval compression syndrome

Question 2

pregnancy outside of the uterus

Answer 2

ectopic pregnancy

Question 3

the amount of transmitted energy by the ultrasound beam.

Answer 3

mechanical index

Question 4

condition where the placenta implantation is low in the uterus and will deliver before the fetus

Answer 4

placenta previa

Question 5

the output power indication of the amount of acoustic power it takes to raise the temperature of tissue by 1 degree Celcius

Answer 5

thermal indices

Question 6

entrapment of the umbilical cord between the presenting fetal part and the cervix

Answer 6

vasa previa

Question 7

clockwise =

Answer 7

vertex— stomach to spine closest path

Question 8

counterclockwise =

Answer 8

breech– stomach to spine closest path

Question 9

A correctly filled bladder allows for imaging of the ____ and the ______.

Answer 9

cervix
lower placental edge

Question 10

Transperineal and endovaginal imaging helps evaluate the ____ and present _____ in the second and third trimesters.

Answer 10

cervix
fetal anatomy

Question 11

______ results in maternal feelings of nausea and dizziness due to compression of the aorta and inferior vena cava

Answer 11

aortocaval syndrome

Question 12

_____ ultrasound in the first trimester should be used only when medically indicated.

Answer 12

Doppler

Question 13

High ___ and ___ increase potential bioeffects to the embryo and fetus.

Answer 13

MI
TI

Question 14

An SPTA below ____ mW/cm2 for an unfocused beam decreases the possibility of bioeffects.

Answer 14

100

Question 15

Compression of the aorta and inferior vena cava by the gravid uterus resulting in symptoms of nausea, hypotension, lightheadedness, and syncope.

Answer 15

aortocaval compression syndrome

Question 16

entrapment of the umbilical cord between the presenting fetal part and the cervix

Answer 16

vasa previa

Question 17

pregnancy outside of the uterus

Answer 17

ectopic pregnancy

Question 18

the amount of transmitted energy by the ultrasound beam.

Answer 18

mechanical indices

Question 19

condition where the placenta implantation is low in the uterus and will deliver before the fetus

Answer 19

placenta previa

Question 20

the output power indication of the amount of acoustic power it takes to raise the temperature of tissue by 1 degree celcius

Answer 20

thermal indices

Question 21

A moderately distended bladder is appropriate for obstetric imaging in:

Answer 21

the first trimester

Question 22

The inability of some females to lay supine during week 20-term of pregnancy because of a hypotensive state is known as:

Answer 22

aortocaval compression syndrome

Question 23

A ____ transducer may provide optimal images well into the third trimester on a thin patient.

Answer 23

5

Question 24

Endovaginal transducers aid the clinician in determining all except:
a. the presence of adnexal fluid resulting from an ectopic pregnancy
b. fluid in Morison pouch
c. gestational age in early pregnancy
d. viability in early pregnancy

Answer 24

b

Question 25

Choose the association that does not research and report on the safety of exposure to diagnostic ultrasound during pregnancy:
a. FDA
b. AIUM
c. NIH
d. ACR

Answer 25

d

Question 26

A sonographer can adjust power levels and minimize patient exposure to diagnostic ultrasound by knowing and watching the ultrasound system ____ levels.
a. NEMA
b. both c and d
c. MI
d. TI

Answer 26

b

Question 27

Select the correct statement.
a. Adjusting MI, TI, output power, and persistence will maintain patient safety within ALARA guidelines
b. A 5.0 MHz transducer provides better depth penetration than a 3.5 MHz transducer
c. If the fetal kidneys and spine are positioned anteriorly in the gestational sac, select a lower-frequency transducer for the best imaging resolution
d. the output from Doppler (spectral and color) instruments tends to be lower than for gray-scale imaging

Answer 27

a

Question 28

Vasa previa means:

Answer 28

umbilical cord is positioned between the internal cervical os and a fetal part

Question 29

An SPTA _____below mW/cm2 for an unfocused beam decreases the possibility of bioeffects

Answer 29

100

Question 30

A correctly filled bladder allows for imaging of the _____ and lower placental edge.

Answer 30

cervix

Question 31

Aortocaval syndrome results in maternal feelings of nausea and dizziness owing to compression of the ____ and ____.

Answer 31

AO
IVC

Question 32

Doppler ultrasound in the ___ trimester should be used only when medically indicated.

Answer 32

1st

Question 33

High ___ and ___ increase potential bioeffects to the embryo and fetus.

Answer 33

MI
TI

Question 34

A _____ evaluation of the uterus helps in imaging for retained products of conception or abnormal clotting.

Answer 34

postpartum

Question 35

To limit effects of aortocaval compression syndrome, position a support under the patient’s ___ so that scanning can be completed.

Answer 35

side

Question 36

Imaging a pregnant patient before the 15th week of gestation requires the same technique as a ______ ultrasound examination

Answer 36

gynecologic

Question 37

In the first trimester, transabdominal imaging requires a full bladder to push the air-filled _____ out of the false pelvis and allow for an unobstructed view of the uterus.

Answer 37

intestines

Question 38

ALARA means:

Answer 38

as low as reasonably achievable