Mo - Innate immunity and infections

Question 1

Which of the following is not associated with mobilization of neutrophils to infected tissue?:
TNF-alpha production by macrophages, interferon response, upregulation of selectins on blood vessel endothelium, extravasation across endothelium

Answer 1

Interferon response

Question 2

In common with Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors also contain (caspase-recruitment domains (CARDS)/C-type lectin domain (CTLD)/leucine-rich repeat regions (LRRs)/Toll interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain) that is/are used for pathogen-recognition of microbial ligands.

Answer 2

Leucine-rich repeat regions

Question 3

All of the following are correct in reference to type 1 interferons except:
Type 1 interferons inhibit the replication of viruses
In the presence of type 1 interferons, virus-infected cells undergo cell-surface changes that render them more susceptible to attack by NK-cells
Most cells synthesize type 1 interferons and also respond to them
The receptor for type 1 interferons is abundant in the cytosol

Answer 3

The receptor for type 1 interferons is abundant in the cytosol

Question 4

How does Staphylococcus Aureus block the migration of neutrophils to the infection? (explain complicated)

Answer 4

Because their ‘chemotaxis inhibitory proteins’ (CHIPS) block neutrophils’ FPR and complement receptors. Activation of these receptors would normally promote the inflammation response.