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NUTRITON > MNT and Disease > Flashcards

MNT and Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Ulcer

why
MNT
Meds
Monitor

A

Why: eroded muscular lesions
MNT: Avoid irritants:
Meds: PPI (protein pump inhibitor), Antacid
Monitor b12 and b9-

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2
Q

GERD

why
MNT
Treatment
Medications

A

Why: Stomach acid comes up, heart burn
MNT: Avoid irritants/acids, eat small/ low fat meals
Treatment: Elevate head at bed , weight loss
Meds: PPI’s, Antacid

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3
Q

Hiatal Hernia

why
symptom
MNT
Treatment

A

Why: part of stomach pushes into chest
symptom is GERD
MNT: AVOID irritants, late night feedings
treatment: PPI’S surgery loss, antacid

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4
Q

Gastrititis

Why
MNT
Treatment

A

Why: Inflammation of the lining of stomach due to too much alcohol, injury or infection

MNT: Avoid irritants, Consume clear liquids

Treatment: PPI’s, antacid

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5
Q

Gastroparesis

why
MNT
treatment:

A

Why: partial paralysis of stomach due to nerve damage, causes delayed gastric emptying (D/t Diabetes)

MNT: Eat small, low fat/ low fiber meals, liquids fat may be okay
Treatment: Prokinetics

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6
Q

Pancreatitis

why
mnt
treatment

A

Why : the pancreas is inflamed, acute or chronic
digestive enzymes activate and irritate pancreas causing inflammation.

Acute: Happens due to trauma, suddenly, NPO at first, provide IV with elemental EN into jejunum to pass pancreas

chronic: PERT (pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy) help the pt to absorb nutrients, added to jams and jellies low fat diet with fruits veggies,

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7
Q

Lactose Intolerance

why
mnt
sources of low lactose foods:
treatment

A

WHY: deficient in Lactase ,lactose will move into colon and not process

MNT: lactose free diet healthy individuals digested in small intestines

sources: low lactose: butter, aged hard cheese, probiotic yogurt,

Treatment: Calcium and riboflavin is recommended

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8
Q

Celiac Disease
other names

why
mnt
gluten free foods

A

None tropical sprue, gluten induced enteropathy.

why: an autoimmune disease allergic to gluten,
MNT: gluten free diet

gluten free foods: rice, corn, potato, sorghum, arrowroot, tapioca, quinoa

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9
Q

Crohn’s disease
why
MNT
treatment

A

Known at regional enteritis part of IBD
digestive tract inflamed, leading to weight loss, malnutrition affect terminal ileum, needs b12 supplement

MNT: Low residue diet , low fiber diet

Treatment: b12, antibiotics, bowel rest
low residue diet

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10
Q

Ulcerative Colitis

why
MNT
treatment

A

Why: part of IBD, ulcers in the colon and rectum
affects colon and rectum
MNT: easy digestible foods, soft bland foods ,
Treatment: if medication or diet does not work removing
colon surgery is possible (J pouch)

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11
Q

IBS

why
MNT
treatment

A

irritable bowel syndrome
affects large intestine, pain cramping, bloating,

MNT: low FODMAP diet, small meals, avoid caffeine, no deep fried foods,
minimize stress

treatment: probiotics

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12
Q

Diverticulosis

Why:
MNT:

A

why: diverticula form in the lining of stomach
Related to constipation

MNT: high fiber diet to increase the volume and to increase the weight of residue

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13
Q

Diverticulitis

why:
Diet:

A 
Diverticula become inflamed/ infected
Clear liquids(will leave stomach faster)  low residue , slowly increase fiber
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14
Q

normal fat in stool

A

Normal fat in stool is 2-5g

above 7g - malabsorption- steatorrhea

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15
Q

Go east on the fiber tiger

A
  1. when diarrhea stop: low fiber
  2. Diverticulitis:
  3. Gastroparesis
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16
Q

Dysphagia Diet
D1
D2
D3

A

D1: purees, puddling liked, mashed foods
D2: Mechanically altered (canned fruits)
D3: Avoid sticky, crunchy dry foods

17
Q

Billroth 1

why:
leads to
MNT treatment:

A

why: gastric cancer
leads: dumping syndrome, reactive hypoglycemia
MNT:
prevent dumping by not getting full fast
6 small meals a day,
low fiber,
adding butter will slow digestion,
no fluids with meals,
avoid high sugars,
b12 shot if all stomach was removed.
calcium and Vit D

18
Q

Billroth 2

why
leads

A

Why: gastric cancer or peptic ulcer disease
leads: dumping syndrome

19
Q

RYGB Roux-en-y

why
leads

A

why: for weight loss
leads: dumping syndrome, malabsorption, malnutrition

diet: liquid diet, low sugar after surgery
needs vitamins for life

20
Q

Acute Viral Hepatitis

why:
MNT:
Meds:

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by infection

MNT: high fluids, high protein 1-1.2 , low fat, coffee

Meds: MVI (Vitamin D with B complex, zinc, calcium)

21
Q

Cirrhosis

Why:
MNT:

A

Why: late stage of scarring called fibrosis, scared tissue is replacing healthy liver tissue
associated with HTN

MNT: 
high in lean protein,
moderate to low fat, 
MCT,
low fiber- with varices
low sodium, low fluid with edema

meds: MVI, Vit D, B complex, zinc

22
Q

Alcoholic Liver Disease

why:
Mnt
treatment

A

Why: due to alcohol, the liver has build up fat around it, will have high TG

MNT: No alcohol, can lead to malnutrition

Treatment: might need liver transplant

23
Q

Non Alcoholic fatty liver disease

why:
Diet
Treatment

A

Why: due to obesity, type 2 and metabolic syndrome

Diet: healthy diet, Mediterranean, coffee

Treatment: lifestyle change: weight loss, increase activity

24
Q

End stage liver disease

why
Diet

A

Why: Hepatic failure often due to cirrhosis
The liver fails and is reduced to 25% or less
liver unable to remove toxins

Diet: 
low NA if edema or ascites present 
MCT's, 
high calories diet to prevent weight loss 
high protein (1.2-1.5)
25
Q

CAD

why
MNT

A

Why: caused by a plaque buildup in the arteries

MNT: 
avoid high fat, 
high Na diet
eat fresh F/V,
 lean protein
26
Q

HTN

Diet
Treatment

A

Dash diet

meds: Diuretics, alpha blockers, ace inhibitors,

27
Q

heart failure

why:
diet:
control:

A

Why: weakened heart can’t maintain leading to edema
DASH diet, high protein
heart failure: control edema

28
Q

Loop patients need to check

A

thiamin

29
Q

who needs low residue diet?

A

Recovering from a recent bowel surgery
During flare ups with Crohn’s disease
Diverticulitis
preparing for a colonoscopy

30
Q

pattern for the liver

A

inflammation –> fibrosis –> cirrhosis –> end stage liver disease

31
Q

If in a coma due to ESLD what is the diet

A

low protein because the liver can’t convert ammonia to urea

called hepatic encephalopathy.

NUTRITON (17 decks)

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