functions of management Flashcards
1st step in management
PLAN
Functions of management
Plan organize Direct Staff Direct Control / Evaluate
time span
short
long
short- covers the operation under 1 year
long- covers up to 1- 5 year cycle
SWOT
example of internal benchmarking Strengths weaknesses opportunities threats
Step 2 in management
Organize and staff
you need to staff the place and organize the scheduled
Scalar Principle
if you gave the CEO”S number to your employee
Unity of command
1 person
Chain of command
top to bottom
Organizational chart
Does not show informal relationships, or degree of authority
how the employee fits into the organization
work simplification
are the employees wasting time, are they sitting instead of working then you would conducts a work simplification procedure
increase productivity decreases cost
productivity can be measured by
output/input
meals/labor hour
Directing
delegating
Theory X autocratic
control people and have them fear you and dislike work -Macgregor
Theory Y Particpative
involve them in participation, so they can achieve work
best style of work -Macgregor
theory z
ouchi
loyal team members, part of decision making process, Behaviorally speaking employee participation is going to improve productivity,
policies
procedures
general decision making guidelines “No cash accepted above $20”
sequence of activities
motion economy
work simplification
fastest/shortest route to do something
People involved in the process, gives them breaks and pays attention to them so in return they become productive
Mayo
Hawthorne
Western
reward for performance, motivated to perform
expectancy theory, beer, vroom theory
Scientific Taylor
Work fast as possible max effort
MBO/Drucker
manage employees in a democratic form where all participate together and have objectives, goals have been established with employees
Autocratic
Demands,
cares about product
9,1 in leadership grid
Consultative
asks for input,
leader consults with experts and makes the decision alone
Bureaucratic
By the book
Participative
Decision making
democratic accepts decisions made by the group
best style of leadership
participative
McClelland
3 needs
need to achieve
need to affiliate
need for power
1,1
impoverished management
low concern for people and product
5,5
middle of the road
9,9
team management
1,9
country club management, cares about people not concerned about product
9,1
authority autocratic
only cares about production not money
Likert
management of conflict
participative being the best and most effective
Peter principle
promote to someone to a level of incompetence
transactional
autocratic
relationship is a transaction
transformational
participatory
you want to transfer them into something better, inspire, motivate them
integrative problem solving
where all people in company work together to find a solution
delphi
experts do not meet
a method of group decision making
control and evaluate
ongoing and need corrective action
a good manager
is more conceptual then technical
sees organization as a whole
decision making/ problem solving steps
1st: needs assessment
last step monitor and evaluate
cause and effect
fish bone diagram
coercive/
position/legitimate
expert power
referent power
they are scared of you, will do minimum
use title
use knowledge
listen to you because they like you
SOP
VS
SOPP
Standards of practice
Standards of professional performance
halo effect
being judged on best trait
see halo and only see positive traits
leniency of error
rate everyone higher then they deserve
error of central tendency
rate everyone as average
Wagner act
National Labor Relations act
pro-labor
Taft Hartley
pro-management
labor management relations act
fair labor standards act
created min wage. overtime, weekly hours
family medical leave act
50 or more workers to have this
Family or medical leave
12 work weeks (unpaid)
ADA
American with Disabilities Act
15 or more employees
isles should be 36” doors should be 32”
should already be part of organization
job analysis
is conducted first to create the job description
analyze the job
from this you can create the job description
job description
about the skills that are required
job specification
needs to pass RD exam
union steward
does not get paid extra
collective bargaining
BMA
bargaining : between steward and management
mediation : non binding
arbitration : binding
Grievance
non union
union
if not in a union: informally settles
union: settle grievances formally
capital budget
Equipment budget expansion renovations repairs improvement
Cash budger
how much cash comes in also called cash flow
enough funds to pay
Operation budget
to operate a certain event
performance budges
bringing a professional
flexible budger
budget for certain events outside of control
indirect cost
fixed: always due no matter what
rent, taxes, insurance
Direct
Variable: flexible
Food, china,
very flexible changes
semi variable
fixed and variable
it is both
most important and controlled item
food
sales
revenue
income
liquidity
solvency, short term debt
net worth ration
long term debt
balance sheet
assets: rental properties, equipment
Liabilities: amount you owe others
Marketing mix
product
promotion
price
place
loss leader
promotion to get people to come in and buy the item on promotion with other things included
Social
buisness
for the good of the population
filling needs of customers
TQM
internal: you look at yourself to improve
PDCA cycle
individual
CQI
Improvment is continuous and always improving
organizational
cost benefits
concerned with cost
six sigma
a data driven approach using SD to determine how many errors and how to eliminate them
kaizen
you can always change and be better
making small changes everyday
sentinel
something that should never happen
example: not feed an NPO patient
Lean:
Less> using less human effort
less space
less capital less time,
