Mnemonics and Main Memory Items | Special Operations

Question 1

A runway is referred to as contaminated when more than __ % of the required runway surface is covered with the one of the following elements:

Answer 1

A runway is referred to as contaminated when more than 25 % of the required runway surface is covered with the one of the following elements:

(a) surface water more than three millimeters deep;
(B) slush or loose snow, equivalent to more than three millimeters of water;
(c) snow which has been compressed into a solid mass which resists further compression and will hold together or break into lumps if picked up; or
(d) ice, including wet ice

Question 2

Definition of a damp runway:

Answer 2

means a runway of which the surface is not dry and on which the moisture does not give the runway a shiny appearance

Question 3

dry runway definition:

Answer 3

means a dry runway which is neither wet nor contaminated, and includes those paved runways which have been specially prepared with grooves or porous pavement and maintained to retain effectively dry braking action even when moisture is present

Question 4

Wet runway definition:

Answer 4

means a runway of which less than 25% of the surface is covered with water, slush or loose snow when there is sufficient moisture on the runway surface to cause it to appear reflective, but without significant areas of standing water

Question 5

Braking coefficients:

Uncontaminated runway - normal dry surface:
Normal wet surface:
Icy surface:

Answer 5

0. 3
1. 15
2. 05

Question 6

The critical hydroplaning speed formula:

Answer 6

V = 9 x square root of P

V = hydroplaning GS
P = tire pressure

bar to psi = bar x 14.5

Question 7

How to remember windshear overshoot undershoot -

Answer 7

IOU

DUO