Mix and Flow of Matter Complete Unit Flashcards
What is a fluid?
Usually liquid or gas; is anything that has no fixed shape. Resists deformation and can flow. They also take the form of their containers.
What is a slurry?
A mixture of a liquid (usually water) and a solid.
What are the four useful properties of fluids?
1) Viscosity- a measure of the resistance of a fluid to flow.
2) Compressability- a force acts on a fluid, that fluid is under compression.
3) Buoyancy- the upward force on an object against the force of gravity produced by the surrounding fluid.
4) Density- the amount of matter in a given volume
What is matter?
Anything that has a mass and occupies space.
What is a pure substance?
Contains only one type of particle, and can exist in three states of matter (solid, liquid, gas). Ex. Iron, gold, oxygen
What is a mixture?
Contains two or more pure substances. A result of tiny particles of different substances filling the spaces between the particles of the larger substance.
Ex. Blood, vinegar, soil
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
A mixture where the compound is not uniform. (not completely mixed good)
Ex. Chocolate chip cookies
What is a homogeneous mixture?
A mixture where the compound is uniform (completely mixed)
Ex. Blood
What is a mechanical mixture?
Can see individual particles.
Ex. Orange juice with pulp
What is a Suspension mixture?
Cloudy mixture with tiny particles that can separate. Ex. muddy water.
What is a Colloid mixture?
Cloudy mixture with tiny particles that do not separate. Ex. Milk
What are solutions?
Made up of more than one substance but appears as if it is one. Are created when particles of the solute are attracted to the particles of the solvent in a process called dissolving. Ex. Kool-Aid
What is Solute?
Substances that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution. Ex. Salt
What is Solvent?
Substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution. Ex. Water
What is Concentration?
The amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent. The more solute dissolved, the more concentrated the solution. The more solvent, the more diluted the solution.
What is solubility?
The ability to dissolve.
What is an unsaturated solution?
Solution in which more solute can be dissolved to the given solvent amount, temperature, etc.
What is a saturated solution?
Solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given solvent amount, temperature, etc.
What is a saturation point?
A point at which no more solute can be dissolved in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature.
What four things affect the solubility and rate of dissolving?
1) Type of Solute and Solvent
2) Temperature (temperature of liquid solvent decreases = solubility of the gas decreases)
3) Particle size (smaller the particle size, the faster it dissolves.)
4) Agitation (the rate of dissolving increases with increased stirring or agitation)
What is the Particle Model of Matter?
1) All matter is made up of tiny particles
2) These particles are always moving
3) These particles are attracted or bonded to each other
4) Particles have spaces between them
What is viscosity?
Liquid’s internal resistance or friction that keeps it from flowing.
What does high and low viscosity mean?
High viscosity- slow flowing
low viscosity- fast flowing
What does temperature change do to particles?
- As temperature increases, the particles of matter move more quickly, lowering viscosity
- As temperature decreases, the particles of matter begin to move slowly, raising the viscosity
