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Structures (ASV) > Misc- Table conference 2 > Flashcards

Misc- Table conference 2 Flashcards

1
Q

left lung impressions

A

aortic arch, thoracic aorta, cardiac

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2
Q

right lung impressions

A

SVC, right brachiocephalic vein, arch of azygos vein, esophagus, cardiac

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3
Q

lung visceral innervation

A

vagus

sympathetic

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4
Q

lung parietal innervation

A

phrenic

intercostals

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5
Q

pulmonary ligament

A

extends inferior to root of lung, holds lung in place

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6
Q

where is the lingula and what is it

A

inferior to cardiac notch of left lung

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7
Q

what kind of blood do bronchial arteries carry

A

oxygenated

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8
Q

where do bronchial arteries originate

A

descending aorta

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9
Q

what type of blood do pulmonary arteries carry

A

deoxygenated

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10
Q

where do the pulmonary arteries originate

A

pulmonary trunk, which is from the right ventricle

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11
Q

where does the pulmonary vein carry blood to

A

left atrium

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12
Q

what are plural cavities?

A

space in thorax for lungs

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13
Q

difference between visceral and parietal plurae?

A

visceral- covers lungs

parietal- covers thorax

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14
Q

what is between visceral and parietal plurae, what’s its function?

A

serous fluid; creates frictionless surface for lungs to move

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15
Q

what space would you insert a needle for a plural tap? what is this space called?

A

intercostal space T7-9; costodiaphragmatic recess

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16
Q

what is the “root” of the lung? what is there?

A

hilum

bronchus, arteries, veins enter the lung here

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17
Q

what nerve provides preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the lungs?

A

vagus nerve

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18
Q

what is in the white ramus comunicans?

A

preganglionic symapthetic nerves (myelinated)

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19
Q

parasympathetic cranial nerves

A

III,
VII,
IX,
X

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20
Q

what organs are innervated by pelvic sphlancnics

A

descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

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21
Q

what is the function of the azygos system of veins?

A

drains the thoracic vessels (intercostal veins) into the SVC and IVC; shunt from IVC to SVC or reverse

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22
Q

what does azygos mean

A

unpaired

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23
Q

what does vagus mean

A

wandering

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24
Q

what does duodenum mean

A

twelve finger-breadths

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25
Q

why is left recurrent laryngeal nerve in a strange path, what is it a branch of?

A

branch of vagus, wraps down and then up around the aorta because it was pulled down during development

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26
Q

which main bronchus has a more direct route to the lung?

A

right; it’s more vertical

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27
Q

what veins drain into the azygos?

A

intercostal veins

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28
Q

sternal angle- what is it the level of?

A 
rib 2 
loop of left recurrent laryngeal nerve 
start/end of aortic arch 
bifurcation of the trachea 
intervertebral disc T4-5
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29
Q

what are bronchopulmonary segments?

A

bronchi and their successive divisions

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30
Q

what does right recurrent laryngeal nerve loop around

A

loops around right subclavian artery

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31
Q

number of segmental bronchi - left

A

9

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32
Q

number of segmental bronchi - right

A

10

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33
Q

ligamentum arteriosum

A

connects left pulmonary artery - arch of aorta

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34
Q

what/where is the carina?

A

bifurcation of the trachea into main stem bronchi

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35
Q

fossa ovale

A

right-left atria septum; was formane ovale in embryo, shunted oxygenated blood from right to left atrium

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36
Q

what forms the posterior aspect of tracheal rings?

A

trachealis muscle-smooth muscle tissue

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37
Q

what are tracheal rings made of?

A

hylaine cartilage

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38
Q

where is the thoracic duct?

A

“duck between 2 goose”

between esophagus and azogus

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39
Q

why are arteries called “coronary” and veins “cardiac”?

A

coronary arteries originate at aorta, run around crown of heart - sulcus

cardiac veins originate lower at right atrium, cardiac=heart

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40
Q

small cardiac vein pairs with

A

marginal artery

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41
Q

middle cardiac vein pairs with

A

posterior interventricular artery

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42
Q

great cardiac vein pairs with

A

left anterior descending artery

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43
Q

where do cardiac veins drain into

A

coronary sinus > right atrium

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44
Q

layers of heart wall

A

endocaridum
myocardium
epicardium

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45
Q

sulci of the heart

A

anterior/posterior interventricular, coronary

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46
Q

innervation of pericardium

A

phrenic nerve

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47
Q

fibers of pericardium?

A

GSE

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48
Q

blood supply to pericardium?

A

pericardiacophrenic artery

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49
Q

why are coronary arteries called functional end arteries?

A

don’t anastomose enough to perfuse heart if blocked

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50
Q

most common sites of blockage in heart?

A

LAD
circumflex
right coronary artery

51
Q

heart referred pain- where is it felt?

A

dermatomes T1-T5, C2-C3

52
Q

which heart valves work via pressure differences?

A

aortic, pulmonary, open during systole

53
Q

which heart valves work via muscular action?

A

tricuspid, mitral

54
Q

what type of nerve fibers innervate the heart?

A

GVA

55
Q

tricuspid valves named

A
  1. anterior
  2. posterior
  3. septal
56
Q

what holds valves down from flapping up?

A

cordae tendonae

57
Q

what muscles hold the cordae tendonae?

A

papillary muscles

58
Q

where is the moderate band (septomarginal trabecula), what does it do?

A

right ventricle ONLY!

connects anterior papillary m. to interventricular septum

59
Q

muscles of the right atrial wall

A

pectinate m. (horizontal), crista terminale (vertical)

60
Q

muscles of right ventricular wall

A

trabeculae carneae

61
Q

what is the most anterior portion of the heart

A

right ventricle

62
Q

pulmonary valve cusps

A
  1. right
  2. anterior
  3. left
63
Q

where does blood go from right atrium

A

through tricuspid valve, to right ventricle

64
Q

where does blood go from right ventricle

A

through pulmonary valve, to right and left pulmonary arteries

65
Q

how is pulmonary trunk related to the aorta?

A

anterior

66
Q

what is the ligament between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk?

A

ligamentum arteriosum

67
Q

after blood goes through lungs, what does it return to heart through?

A

pulmonary veins, to left atrium

68
Q

where is the conus ateriosus?

A

right ventricle

69
Q

blood from pulmonary veins de/oxygenated?

A

oxygenated

70
Q

only veins that carry oxygenated blood in body?

A

pulmonary veins

71
Q

only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood in body?

A

pulmonary arteries

72
Q

where does blood go from left atrium?

A

through mitral valve, to left ventricle

73
Q

cusps of mitral valve?

A
  1. anterior

2. posterior

74
Q

most muscular part of heart?

A

left ventricle

75
Q

blood from left ventricle goes where?

A

through aortic valve, through aorta

76
Q

cusps of aortic valve?

A
  1. right
  2. posterior
  3. left
77
Q

where are the aortic sinus?

A

behind the valve cusps of the aortic valve

78
Q

what comes out of aortic sinus?

A

blood to coronary arteries

79
Q

which valves are open during sistole?

A

aortic, pulmonary

80
Q

which valves are open during diastole?

A

tricuspid, mitral

81
Q

first branch off abdominal aorta

A

inferior phrenic

before celiac trunk!

82
Q

purpose of greater omentum?

A

support, protect abdominal structures in event of ulcer; facilitates healing; protects from infection

83
Q

what is in the portal triad?

A

bile duct, portal vein, proper hepatic artery

84
Q

what does portal triad run in?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

85
Q

intraperitoneal organs

A

liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, 1st part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, appendix

86
Q

which of the GI tract organs aren’t intraperitoneal

A

ascending colon, descending, colon, 2nd part of duodenum

87
Q

primary retroperitoneal organs

A

kidneys, adrenal glands, aorta, IVC, testes

88
Q

extraperitoneal structures

A

bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, uterus, ovaries

89
Q

secondarily retroperitoneal structures

A

2-4th part of duodenum, cecum, ascending and descending colon, rectum, pancreas

90
Q

border of foregut

A

2nd part of duodenum

91
Q

what are the paracolic gutters

A

either side of ascending/descending colon, drain fluids

92
Q

pelvic sphlancnic root values

A

S2-S4

93
Q

sympathetic innervation of abdomen

A

greater, lesser, lumbar (thoracic) sphlancnics

94
Q

parasympathetic innervation of abdomen

A

vagus until left colic flexure; then, pelvic sphlancnics (S2-S4)

95
Q

greater splanchninc nerves root value?

A

greater: T5-9
lesser: T10-11
least: T12
lumbar: L1-2

96
Q

primary fiber type of greater splanchnic nerve?

A

GVE primarily, but also GVA

97
Q

alimentary tract, from proximal to distal

A

mouth, esophagus, cardiac sphincter, stomach, pyloric sphincter, duodenum (4 parts), jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

98
Q

what are the subdivisions of small intestine?

A

duodenum (intraperitoneal, 2-4th parts secondarily retroperitoneal), jejunum (intraperitoneal), ileum (intraperitoneal)

99
Q

subdivisions of large intestine?

A

cecum (secondarily retroperitoneal), ascending (secondarily retroperitoneal), transverse (intraperitoneal), descending colon (secondarily retroperitoneal), sigmoid colon (intraperitoneal)

100
Q

what is “a” mesentery?

A

double layer of peritoneum

101
Q

what is “THE” mesentery?

A

mesentery supporting small intestine

blood supply runs through from SMA and IMA to the small intestine

102
Q

early pain from appendicitis?

A

referred to T10, belly button

103
Q

3 unpaired vessels of abdominal aorta?

A

celiac, SMA, IMA, median sacral

104
Q

vertebral level of celiac trunk?

A

T12

105
Q

vertebral level of SMA?

A

LI

106
Q

vertebral level of IMA?

A

LIII

107
Q

what do ventral branches of aorta tend to do?

A

supply gut, unpaired organs like liver

108
Q

what do lateral branches of aorta tend to do?

A

supply specific paired organs, like kidneys

109
Q

direct branches of abdominal aorta?

A

renals, medial suprarenals, inferior phrenics, testicular/ovarian, lumbars (1-4)

110
Q

arteries that supply diaphragm?

A

superior and inferior phrenics, musculophrenic, pericardiacophrenic

111
Q

inferior phrenics arise from?

A

abdominal aorta

112
Q

superior phrenics arise from?

A

thoracic aorta

113
Q

musculophrenic and pericardiacophrenic arise from?

A

internal thoracic artery

114
Q

suprarenal glands supplied by?

A

superior, medial, inferior suprarenal arteries

115
Q

hepatic v. portal vein?

A

portal: carries blood from all digestive organs into liver for filtering
hepatic: carry blood away from liver into IVC for systemic circulation

116
Q

what is “marginal” artery? where? clinical significance?

A

inside the Mesentery; connects vessels carrying blood to vasa recta; suppled by both SMA and IMA, so major collateral route

117
Q

left renal vein function?

A

drains much of left part of abdomen, direct extension of IVC

118
Q

why called “bare area” of liver?

A

no peritoneum, liver directly contacts diaphragm

119
Q

what are coronary ligaments?

A

on “crown” of liver, connect to diaphragm

120
Q

bile passage route?

A

bile made in liver > hepatic duct > common bile duct when joins cystic duct > duodenum or back through cystic duct to gall bladder for storage

121
Q

IVC location re: portal vein?

A

dorsal

122
Q

main tributaries of portal vein?

A

SMV, splenic vein

123
Q

wehre woudl you feel biliary colic?

A

T7-9

124
Q

hepato-portal system function

A

drains blood from digestive organs into liver for filtration before entering systemic circulation

Structures (ASV) (30 decks)

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