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Structures (ASV) > Lecture 26: Venous, Portal, and Lymphatic Systems > Flashcards

Lecture 26: Venous, Portal, and Lymphatic Systems Flashcards

1
Q

organs and tissues of lymphatic system

A

thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, lymphoid follicles

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2
Q

functions of lymphatic system organs/tissues

A

immunity, defense

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3
Q

lymph system vessels, in increasing diameter

A

capillaries, vessels, trunks, ducts (thoracic, right lymphatic), sac (cisterna chyli)

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4
Q

functions of lymphatic vessels

A

drain and transport lymph (including transport of fat absorbed by small intestine)

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5
Q

what is lymph

A

fluid, formed in extracellular spaces of tissues and organs

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6
Q

where is lymph

A

flows in lymphatic vessels, adds to venous blood circulation

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7
Q

what does lymph contain

A

plasma proteins, antigens, antibodies, fat, lymphocytes

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8
Q

2 classifications of lymphatic vessels

A

deep, superficial

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9
Q

deep lymphatic vessels location

A

beneath deep fascia, accompany main arteries

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10
Q

deep lymphatic vessels function

A

drain lymph from skeletal muscle, internal organs

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11
Q

superficial lymphatic vessels location

A

superficial fascia of skin - camper’s fascia

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12
Q

superficial lymphatic vessels function

A

drain lymph from skin and its associated structures

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13
Q

lymph nodes’ location

A

along the course of lymphatic vessels

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14
Q

size/shape of lymph node

A

a kidney bean or green pea

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15
Q

what do all lymphatic vessels have?

A

valves

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16
Q

where does thoracic duct pass

A

through aortic hiatus of diaphragm; along vertebral column; through thoracic cavity; to upper part of thorax

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17
Q

lacteals

A

lymphatic capillaries of the small intestine

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18
Q

chyle

A

milky lymph, result of chylomicrons released into lacteals that form chyle

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19
Q

where are lacteals

A

the center of the villi of lymphatic capillaries

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20
Q

where does intestinal lymphatic trunk drain lymph

A

into cisterna chyli

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21
Q

which organs’ lymph drains into cisterna chylia, via intestinal lymphatic trunk?

A

stomach, pancreas, spleen, liver

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22
Q

where does SVC return venous blood?

A

from all structures SUPERIOR to the DIAPHRAGM

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23
Q

where does IVC receive blood from?

A

all structures INFERIOR to the DIAPHRAGM, except the: stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, spleen, gall bladder

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24
Q

do portal veins/its tributaries have valves?

A

NO

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25
Q

does lymph enter the venous or arterial system?

A

ONLY VENOUS

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26
Q

where is lymph transported to

A

lymphatic capillaries > lymphoid cells

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27
Q

where do lymphoid cells drain into

A

afferent lymph vessel

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28
Q

what does lymph exit lymph node through?

A

efferent lymphatic vessel

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29
Q

what are the largest lymphatic vessels

A

cisterna chyli, thoracic duct

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30
Q

vertebral level of cisternal chyli

A

L1-L2

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31
Q

L side lymphatic duct

A

thoracic duct

32
Q

R side lymphatic duct

A

R lymphatic duct

33
Q

where is chyle transported from

A

small intestine > thoracic duct

34
Q

where does fat go for absorption

A

jejunum

35
Q

what do chlyomicrons do

A

process fat absorbed by jejunal cells; then release it into lymphatic system to produce chyle

36
Q

what drains into cisterna chyli from below

A

intestinal lymph trunk, lumbar lymph trunk

37
Q

what drains into cisterna chyli from above

A

descending thoracic lymph trunk

38
Q

where does thoracic duct empty lymph into venous circulation?

A

venous angle: where internal jugular vein - subclavian vein meet

39
Q

where does thoracic duct receive lymph from, in thorax region?

A

L jugular trunk, L subclavian trunk, broncho-mediastinal trunk

40
Q

where does right lymphatic duct receive lymph from?

A

R jugular trunk, R subclavian trunk, broncho-mediastinal trunk

41
Q

what body area drains to the right lymphatic duct?

A

right upper quadrant (R side head, neck, thorax, R lung, R side of heart, R upper limb)

42
Q

what body area drains to thoracic duct?

A

L side of head, beck, thorax, L lung, L side heart, trachea, esophagus, L upper limb

43
Q

where do scrotum/labium majus drain lymph to?

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

44
Q

where does testis drain lymph to?

A

lateral aortic (lumbar) lymph node, preaortic lymph node, then to cysterna chyli and thoracic duct

45
Q

where does 75% of breast lymph drain to?

A

axillary lymph node

46
Q

where does remaining 25% of breast lymph drain to?

A

clavicular lymph node, parasternal lymph nodes, abdominal lymph nodes

47
Q

where is the SVC

A

superior mediastinum

48
Q

SVC function?

A

returns venous blood from all structures superior to diaphragm to the heart

49
Q

where do L and R common iliac veins join, what do they form?

A

form the IVC at L4 vertebral level

50
Q

how many lumbar veins?

A

5

51
Q

where do lumbar veins drain?

A

IVC

52
Q

where does testicular vein drain?

A

L2-L3 level of IVC

53
Q

where do L testicular and orvarian veins drain?

A

L Renal vein

54
Q

comparison of L to R Renal vein?

A

left is 2x longer than right

55
Q

location of right suprarenal v?

A

vertebral level L1-L2

56
Q

where does L suprarenal vein go?

A

L Renal V

57
Q

where is the R inferior phrenic vein, what does it do?

A

drains diaphragm, to IVC

T12-L1

58
Q

which structures inferior to the diaphragm DO NOT drain into the IVC?

A

stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, spleen, gall bladder

59
Q

how does venous blood from stomach, small intestine, large intestine, pancreas, spleen, gall bladder get to the IVC?

A

via portal vein, liver, hepatic veins

60
Q

azygos vein system function?

A

form collateral pathway between IVC and SVC

61
Q

on R side, azygos vein system?

A

azygos vein

62
Q

on L side, azygos vein system parts?

A

hemiazygos vein, accessory hemiazygos vein

63
Q

where are lumbar veins

A

posterior abdominal wall

64
Q

what does ascending lumbar vein connect?

A

L5, 4, 3, 2, 1

65
Q

azygos system of veins drain (3)

A

posterior abdominal and thoracic walls, esophagus, lungs

66
Q

posterior abdominal wall vein?

A

lumbar veins

67
Q

thoracic wall vein?

A

posterior intercostal veins

68
Q

esophagus vein?

A

esophageal veins

69
Q

lung vein?

A

bronchial veins

70
Q

definition of hepatic portal circulation

A

vein between 2 capillaries

artery > capillaries > portal vein > liver capillaries (sinusoids) > hepatic veins > heart

71
Q

where are 2 sets of capillaries of hepatic portal system

A

first in abdominal viscera, second in liver

72
Q

what kind of blood does hepatic portal system carry

A

venous blood, low in oxygen, rich in nutrients

73
Q

portosystemic anastomoses

A
  1. left gastric v (portal) - esophageal branch (systemic)
  2. superior rectal v - middle rectal v (lower part of rectum)
  3. superficial epigastric v - paraumbilical v (in camper’s fascia)
74
Q

do portal vein/ its tributaries have valves?

A

no!

75
Q

fibrotic nodules

A

develop on cirrhotic liver
sinusoids inside liver compromised/blocked; blood can’t flow to liver; blood goes through anastomosis of porto-hepatic system, esophageal branch of L gastric v - azygos v

Structures (ASV) (30 decks)

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