LAB13: Abdominal in situ: Reflect Anterior Abdominal Wall, Peritoneal Cavity & Abdominal Organs Flashcards
falciform ligament connects
surface of liver to anterior abdominal wall / stomach
falciform ligament’s location
inner surface of abdomen; right upper quadrant flap
falciform ligament is a remnant of
umbilical vein; contains ligament teres, remnant of umbilical vein
falciform ligament is derived from
mesogastrium - ventral mesentery
3 folds of inner surface of lower abdominal wall
median umbilical fold, medial umbilical fold, lateral umbilical fold
peritoneum
serous membrane that secretes a small amount of fluid, lubricates movement of organs, in the abdominal and pelvic cavities
parietal peritoneum
lines inner surfaces of abdominal and pelvic walls
visceral peritoneum
covers surface of abdominal and pelvic organs
peritoneal cavity
a potential space, in between parietal and visceral peritoneums
subdivisions: greater sac, omental bursa/lesser sac
intraperitoneal (peritoneal) definition
organs that develop in peritoneal cavity, suspended from abdominal wall by a mesentery
name the intraperitoneal organs
stomach first part of duodenum jejunum ileum transverse colon sigmoid colon liver spleen
retroperitoneal (extraperitoneal) definition
abdominal organs that develop behind the peritoneum, lie between parietal peritoneum and abdominal wall
name the retroperitoneal organs
kidneys, ureters, suprarenal glands, rectum
secondarily retroperitoneal definition
parts of GI tract that begin intraperitoneal organs in embryo, become attached to abdominal wall later in development
name the secondarily retroperitoneal organs
duodenum (2nd-4th parts), pancreas, ascending colon, descending colon
liver location (quadrant)
occupies right upper quadrant, extends across midline into left upper quadrant
liver superior border
inferior surface of diaphragm
subdivisions of liver
right and left lobes
gallbladder location (quadrant )
right upper quadrant
gallbladder location
tip of the right 9th costal cartilage in the midclavicular line
stomach location (quadrant)
left upper quadrant
what is the stomach continuous with?
esophagus proximally, duodenum distally
what partially covers the stomach’s anterior surface?
the liver
spleen location (quadrant)
left upper quadrant
what is spleen posterior to
stomach
what is greater omentum attached to
greater curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum
where does small intestine begin
pyloric end of the stomach
what are the 3 parts of the small intestine
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
what part of the small intestine lies posterior to other parts of GI tract
duodenum
where are jejunum and ileum re: quadrant?
extend from left upper to right lower quadrant, but because of their length & mobility, occupy all 4 quadrants
where does large intestine begin
right lower quadrant, at ileocecal junction
6 parts of large intestine
cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
cecum location
right lower quadrant
what connects to cecum’s inferior end
appendix
ascending colon location
right lower quadrant to righ tupper quadrant
end of ascending colon is
right colic (hepatic) flexure
transverse colon location
right upper quadrant to left upper quadrant
end of transverse colon is the
left colin (splencnic) flexure
descending colon location
left upper quadrant to left lower quadrant
sigmoid colon location
left lower quadrant
where does sigmoid colon end
pelvic cavity, at level of S3
rectum location
in the pelvis
where does greater omentum lie
between intestines and anterior abdominal wall
where is lesser omentum
extends from lesser curvature of stomach and first part of duodenum to inferior surface of liver
celiac trunk of abdominal aorta supplies which organs
liver, gall bladder, inferior esophagus, stomach, pancrease, spleen, duodenum
hiatal hernia
protrusion of stomach into mediastinum through esophageal hiatus of diaphragm
narrowest part of the large intestine
descending colon (retroperitoneal)
lesser omentum location
from lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum to inferior surface of the liver
lesser omentum 2 parts
hepatogastric ligament, hepatoduodenal ligament
hepatogastric ligament spans
from the liver to lesser curvature of the stomach
hepatoduodenal ligament spans
from liver to first part of the duodenum
omentum definition
double-layered extension of peritoneum passing from stomach and proximal part of duodenum to adjacent organs
greater and lesser
coronary ligament components
includes falciform ligament, left triangular ligament, right triangular ligament
left triangular ligament location
part of coronary ligament; connects left lobe of liver to diaphragm
right triangular ligament location
part of coronary ligament; connects right lobe of liver to diaphragm
gastrophrenic ligament location
connects superior part of greater curvature of stomach to diaphragm
gastrosplenic (gastrolienal) ligament location
greater curvature of stomach to spleen
coronary ligament location
attaches liver to diaphragm
splenorenal (lienorenal) ligament connects
spleen to body wall anterior to left kidney
transverse mesocolon attaches to what
anterior surface of duodenum and pancreas
phrenicocolic ligament location
left end of the transverse mesocolon
phrenicocolic ligament connects
left colic flexure to diaphragm
what does mesentery suspend
jejunum and ileum from posterior abdominal wall
where does root of mesentery attach
posterior abdominal wall, from left upper quadrant to right lower quadrant
what does mesoappendix attach
appendix to posterior abdominal wall
what does mesoappendix contain
appendicular artery
where is sigmoid mesocolon
lower left quadrant
what does sigmoid mesocolon suspend
sigmoid colon from posterior abdominal wall
where are peritoneal structures found
greater peritoneal sac
where is lesser peritoneal sac
posterior to stomach and lesser omentum
what is another name for lesser peritoneal sac
omental bursa
what does omental foramen connect
greater and lesser peritoneal sacs
where is omental foramen
posterior to hepatoduodenal ligament
what is another name for omental foramen
epiploic foramen
what are the 4 boundaries of the omental foramen
anterior- hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery proper, bile duct contained w/in hepatoduodenal ligament
posterior- inferior vena cava and right crus of diaphragm covered w/ parietal peritoneum
superior- caudate lobe of liver covered w/ visceral peritoneum
inferior- first part of duodenum covered w/ visceral peritoneum
what is within portal triad
hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein, bile duct
lowest part of lesser peritoneal sac
inferior recess
where does inferior recess extend
from lesser peritoneal sac’s inferior edge, inferiorly as far as greater omentum
highest part of lesser peritoneal sac
superior recess
what is diaphragm posterior to
superior recess; which is posterior to caudate lobe of liver
where is pancreas
posterior to main part of lesser peritoneal sac
greater sac location
superiorly begins at diaphragm; continues inferiorly into pelvic cavity; it is entered once parietal peritoneum has been penetrated
greater omentum vessels contain what
right and left gastro-omental vessels - contain 2 arteries and 2 veins
where does hepatoduodenal ligament end laterally
as a free margin, serves as anterior border of omental foramen
