Mini Unit: Plants Flashcards
Gametophyte
Haploid (1 set of chromosomes)
Sporophyte
Diploid (Full set of chromosomes)
Bryophytes
first to move on land
Ferns
xylem +phloem that can move materials throughout the plant
Gymnosperms (Conifers)
seeds allowing them to protect that embrophyte
Angiosperms
pollinated by insects, wind
Auxin
A chemical that will move to the shady side of a plant, loosens the cellulose in the cell wall to make cells grow and bend in the opposite direction
Cytokinins
A hormone that causes cells to divide
Gibberellins
Controls yearly cycles of plants
Abscisic Acid
Determines when its time to cut off leaves and fall, stops fruit formation, stops transpiration
Ethylene
A gas used in a positive feedback loop, causing fruit to ripen when this gas is given off by 1 ripening fruit
Dicot
Leaf veins branch out, 4-5 petals, long/deep roots
Monocot
Leaf veins vertical-parallel, petals in multiples of 3, net like root system
Root system
growth below the ground
Shoot system
growth above ground
Epidermis (Guard Cells)
surrounds stomato, open stomata
Cuticle
like wax, prevents water from getting in and out
Parenchyma (ground tissue part)
site of metabolism/photosynthesis
Collenchyma
durable cells/provide support
Sclerenchyma
very durable fibers
Apoplastic Absorption
passive absorption that takes place through the apoplast of the root
Symplastic Absorption
water moves across the symplast (interconnected cytoplasm)
Adhesion
water sticks to other things
Cohesion
Water sticks to itself
Capillary Action
the movement of water within the spaces of a porous material (adhesion/cohesion)
Xylem Pull
Water is pulled up through the xylem to the leaves by the sun
Phloem Push
moves sugar up/down
Secondary growth
allows plant to grow wider
Stamen
Male reproductive part
Ovule/Ovary
Female reproductive part
