migration sg1 Flashcards
current spatial patterns of migration
- economic migrants: seek work and social opps, send remittances
- refugees: person who is forced to leave a country
- asylum seeker: person who leaves country and enters another and applies for asylum.
- 1/30 are migrants. India, China and Mexico were 3 countries who receive the most money from remittances.
- interregional flows: occurs between countries which are not in the same region of the world between continents.
- intra-regional: occurs between countries belonging in the same region e.g. same continent.
bilateral migration corridor
A bilateral migration corridor is a distinct migration flow between 2 countries, Mexico and the USA is the largest, due to:
- high demand for labour with good wages e.g. India to UAE in oil industry.
- EU membership: economic migrants e.g. Poland to UK.
- seeking asylum: e.g. Somalia to Kenya.
- new political borders e.g. Sudan to south Sudan.
- escape poverty and find opportunities e.g. China to South Korea.
how and why has global migration become complex?
1 - conflict and persecution: no.of displaced people has quadrupled within 10 years, created forced migration: IDPs, refugees.
2 - economic globalisation: EDCs e/g/ Mexico, India, China are most likely to migrate. TNCs locate in EDCs to take adv of cheap labour. Some have higher aspirations and move to ACs, ACs are top destination for migrants.
3 - female and young migrants: 72% of migrants are young and working age and looking for a job. Females make up 49% of migrants due to gender discrimination in education and pay, violence against women, wanting economic independence.
advantages and disadvantages of migration
ORIGIN:
ADV: reduce pressure on resources, brain gain and social remittances - new ideas of democracy, Remittances increase SOL &QOL
DISADV: brain drain, remittances increase inequality, birth rate drops, labour shortages.
DESTINATION: ADV: migrants are consumers so stimulate economy, high skilled migrants, overcome labour shortages.
DISADV: unjust treatment of asylum seekers, xenophobia, low quality of life: overcrowding.
