csmp sg4 Flashcards
what is a player & examples
A player is a person/organisation/government who have an interest or influence in a particular change in an area, development or business. E.g. probate players = businesses, property developers, public players = international institutions, national government, NGOs, local government.
characteristics of economic change in sri lanka
Environmental: air pollution from vehicles, no.of hrchicles tripled in 90s, traffic jams. Domestic activities cause pollution, lakes and river affected, leads to agal blooms, USS have poor housing quality, sanitation and lack infrastructure
Demographic: ageing pop, 100,000 killed during war 1981: 0-14: 35%, 15-59: 58%, 60+: 6%, 2001: 0-14: 26%, 15-59: 64%, 60+: 9%
Cultural: 1981: 73% sinhalese and 17% tamil, now it is 75% simhalese and 20% tamil, tensions between singalese gov and tamils erupted into civil war.
Socio-economic: Sri Lanka developed little industry under colonial rule, civil war hampered economic development cost lots of money and hampered FDI, other asian countries grew, sri lanka was left behind focusing on exporting raw materials.
economic change in jobs
1980: 46% in primary sector, 40% in tertiary sector, 16% in secondary. 2014: 29% in primary sector, 26% in secondary, 45% in tertiary.
GDP: Sri lankas GDP in 1980 was 272, it reached 4100 in 2017 despite civil war disruption.
TNCs: TNCs locste here due to compatitive advantage (low labour cost, good trade links, English speaking workforce. This creates new international division of labour with greater focus on primary jobs in LIDCs, secondary jobs in EDCs and tertiary jobs in ACs
players in sri lanka: government
Government: gov manifesto ‘Mahinda Chintana’ translates to vision for the future, launched 2005, ended civil war and reconstructed war torn areas e.g. batticaloa, aimed to create 3 million jobs and maintain economic growth of 8% a year, clearance of USS e.g. Sahaspura. Vision 2025 aim to grow knowledge economy and attract tech FDI, caused lots of debt, top down strategy.
players in sri lanka: nestle
Nestle: TNC with HQ in Switzerland, all profits go back to HQ, factory in Kurunegala created 1200 jobs and benefited 23,000. Paid farmers £28m in 2016, gave 10,099 coconut olantlets to 2000 farming families, launched Kiri govi diriya, a dairy development programme training 3000 families, 150 with milking equipment, localised not national, nestle can move at any time.
players in sri lanka: asian development bank (abc)
Sri lanka joined in 1986, since 1998,l loans, grants and technical assistance totalled $9.7billion, funded training of over 30,000 teachers, funded better access to safe drinking water so 2 million households benefitted, funded electrification houses - 200,000 in electricity grid, built and improved over 630km og highways and roads so better transport links.
impact of economic change
Socio-economic: state sponsored health = life expectancy improved from 68 (1980) to 75 (2018), USS clearance improved housing and deeds, better transport links, better built environment, 87% safe water, 90% electrified, social inequality increased, gini from 0.4 to 0.32, nestle improved farmers incomes and positively impacted 23,000.
Demographic: ageing population, increased equality for women in education and work fertility rate fallen from 3.6 to 2.2 children per woman, more skilled workforce, net migration increased from 1.6 per 1000 in 1990s, to 4.7 per 1000.
Environmental: increased tourism = environmental degradation, clearing USS improved built environment, more vehicles on roads cause air pollution, increased waste due to industrialisation and pop growth, renewable energy provides 75% of electricity.
Cultural: increased drugs, trafficking, prostitution and gambling, more equality for women, more tourist facilities e.g. swimming pools, economic growth focused on cities, younger population follow style of foreign tourists.
