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Leaving Cert Geography - > Migration > Flashcards

Migration Flashcards

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1
Q

Internal migration

A

Migration within a country

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2
Q

International migration

A

Migration between countries

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3
Q

Immigration

A

Migration into a country

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4
Q

emigration

A

Migration out of the country

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5
Q

Net migration

A

The difference between the number of immigrants on the number of emigrants in country

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6
Q

Source/donor area

A

The area that migrants leave

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7
Q

Destination/host/receiver area

A

The area to which people migrate

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8
Q

Refugee

A

A person who because of believed danger or oppression leaves his/her country and is unwilling

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9
Q

Asylum seeker

A

A person who is flooded his/her country and applies to the government to protection as a refugee

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10
Q

Barrier to migration

A

Anything that makes migration difficult or impossible e.g. cost of travel, government restrictions (Visa, criminal record)

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11
Q

Voluntary migration

A

Migration which the migrant moves by choice

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12
Q

Forced migration

A

Migration in which the migrant has no choice but to move

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13
Q

Push factors

A

Things that force people to leave their original places of residence into violence and war, unemployment, famine

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14
Q

Pull factors

A

Things that entice people to move to other countries/areas e.g. educational opportunities, better job prospects and higher wages, peace and personal security

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15
Q

X percent of Irish National schools are under the patronage of the Catholic Church

A

96%

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16
Q

According to the 2016 Irish census X people were born abroad

A

810,500

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17
Q

What Act allow schools to after first preference places to children of a particular religion to preserve the ethos of the school

A

Equal status act 2000

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18
Q

How many educate together primary schools in Ireland

A

81

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19
Q

What was banned in France in 2011

A

The wearing of burqini and niqabs

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20
Q

How did France justify the banning of niqab

A

That they wanted to liberate the women

That it was in line with their state bodies of freedom and equality

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21
Q

What is the ghetto

A

And area of where only one race of migrant people live Limiting their interaction with the values and customs of their host community

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22
Q

What began in France as a response to the racism against North African migrants

A

Writing
€200 million worth of damage
French government offered aid to areas of high unemployment

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23
Q

Positives of migration on donor region

A

Reduction in rate of unemployment

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24
Q

Negative effect of migration on donor region

A

Brain drain

25
Q

Positive effect of migration on receiver/host region

A

Cultural enrichment and diversity

26
Q

Negative effect of migration on host region

A

Challenge of integration

27
Q

Why was unemployment high in Eastern Europe 1990

A

Fall of communism

28
Q

How did unemployment rates decrease again in Eastern Europe

A

Joining Eu meant people could move abroad for employment eg to Ireland

29
Q

Example of brain drain in Ireland

A

Junior doctors going to Australia and New Zealand leaves a big gap in HSE.
They had to recruit people from abroad

30
Q

Example of cultural enrichment in Ireland

A

Gort, co.galway has 30% Brazilian population
Work in meat processing industry
Anual carnival in town
Mass in Portuguese each week

31
Q

Benefits of cultural enrichment

A

General population are more accepting
More diversity
adds to ability to work with other nations on political level
Better understanding of other nations and offer help when needed

32
Q

Who is Ireland’s minister for equality, inmigration and integration
What’s his job

A

David Santon

Encourages cooperation between communities
Issues official state documents and leaflets in different languages

33
Q

Examples of discrimination in Ireland due to language barrier

A

2007

ICTU claimed that migrant workers who didn’t speak fluent English earned 13% less than Irish workers in the same jobs

34
Q

Where do many migrants to the city of São Paulo come from

A

North east rural area of Seratao

35
Q

Main push factor in Brazil to move to cities

A 
Poverty 
Mechanisation of agriculture 
Low life expectancy
Poor education
Semi arid climate
36
Q

X% of São Paulo’s population live in favelas

A

5%

37
Q

Why is risk of disease high in favelas

A

Lack clean water, electricity and sewerage systems

38
Q

Example of a favela in São Paulo

A

Monte azul

39
Q

What is bolsa familia

A

Grant for families

To be used to buy adequate food

40
Q

When did bolsa familia come in

A

2002

41
Q

Other examples of ways Brazil helps migrants in cities

A

Council provides Building products to build better quality homes

Residents set up community scheme for better education and medical services

42
Q

Impact of migration on a city in developing world (São Paulo)

A

Overpopulation (favelas)
Traffic congestion
Pollution

43
Q

Is not from EU/EEA and are migrating to work in EU/EAA, one must have

A

A work permit

44
Q

What is green card scheme

A

Work permits for people who are highly skilled and will earn more than €60,000 a year eg IT industry

45
Q

EU blue card gives work and residence permits for….

A

Non EU members who earn 1.5 times the average salary of that country

46
Q

How does EU remain competitive with Australia, Canada, USA for immigration

A

Easy access for specialist workers eg scientists

47
Q

What would happen if EU didn’t let in workers

A

Ageing population means population would decline

48
Q

What is Dublin system

A

The EU country that receives the refugees first has to deal with their asylum application

49
Q

Why is Dublin scheme unfair

A

Pressure is put on countries such as Greece, Spain, Italy which are the gateway to Europe from turkey, Libia, Syria

50
Q

Example of refugee flocking to Italy

A

2014

4,000 migrants arrived to Sicily over a period of 2 days

51
Q

What has increased refugee numbers

A

Syrian war

52
Q

What is open door policy

A

Welcomes refugees and distributes them evenly across Europe

53
Q

Who came up with open door policy

A

Angela merkel

54
Q

Who were in favour of mandatory quotas

A

Germany, Sweden, Austria

55
Q

Who were more reluctant to mandatory quotas

A

Denmark

Hungary

56
Q

Example of Hungary’s attitude to immigration

A

The prime minister claimed that migrants put Europe’s Christian heritage at threat

57
Q

What is frontex

A

Boarder control agency is Europe

58
Q

Where are frontex highly active

A

Greece/ turkey boarder

Migrants come from Asia and Africa

59
Q

Why is common migration policy needed in Europe

A

Brexit was mainly caused by unwanted inward migration

To prevent other member states leaving

Leaving Cert Geography - (23 decks)

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