Brazil A Sub Continental Region Flashcards
Brazil is the x largest country
5th
Population of Brazil
209 million
How stark is poverty
40 million living on less than €1 a day
Relief in Brazil
South east is mountainous
Brazil plateau takes up most of country
Amazon
Drainage in Brazil
Excellent due to amazon which occupies a third of Brazil
Climate in Brazil
So large it has three
Equatorial, tropical and semi arid
Equatorial climate
North and west around Amazon
32c day 22c night Lots of rain Very humid No clear season
Tropical climate
90% of country has this one
Warm and sunny
1500 to 2000 rainfall annually that comes in storms
Semi arid climate
North east
Dry and hot can teach 38 to 40c
Irregular rain with lowest annual rainfall being 278mm
Soils in Brazil
Terra Rosa (for coffee trees) Alluvial soils (along amazon, very fertile) Latosoils (under rainforests, trees provide plant litter for humus, deforestation ruins these soils)
Brazil is the x largest exporter of goods in the world
4th
What do Brazil export
Coffee Beef Sugar Oranges Soya beans
X percent of country in arable
7%
Soya production in Brazil
Brazil and Argentina account for half of worlds soya bean production
Brazilian scientist developed way to grow in hot conditions in central Brazil
Highly mechanised
Exported to Europe where its used for animal feed
Sugar cane production in Brazil
Employs 1 million
50% is jsedto make ethanol used instead of petrol
Grown in the south/centre
Brazil holds X% of coffe market
32%
Amount employed in coffee
10miliiom
Coffee worth
9 billion
How are the physical characteristics ideal for coffee production
High temp Absence of frost Deep, well drained soil -terra Rosa Humid conditions with rain High altitude reduce risk of pest attack
Cattle farming
Large scales
3rd biggest consumer of beef ww
Forests are being cleared for cattle - environmental controversy
Forestry in Brazil
6 million jobs
3!000 logging companies in operation but illegal logging is a problem
Amazon is now only 87% of what it once was
Examples of things secondary ec act produce in Brazil
Cars,, steel, electronics
Factors that have influenced growth of manufacturing in Brazil
Collapse of world trade in WW2 meant Brazil had to develop its own manufacturing Large market -209 pop Many natural resources -iron and oil Foreign investment x cars Creation of common market Mercosul
Why did growth of steel industry occur in Brazil
Cheap labour force
Abundance of raw material
Cutting edge technology
Car manufacturing in Brazil
5th biggest producer
European eg Volkswagen and Renault located factories
Brazil benefitted from new technology and employment
Industry triangle in Brazil
São Paulo, río de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte
Why is south east where most manufacturing is concentrated?
Raw materials - iron and oil
Large ports
Itaipu Dam
All cities have large population- large workforce
Communications infrastructure are well developed and broadband
Great wealth
Large market
Domestic tourism in Brazil
70 million I’m 2014
Why have foreign people visited Brazil recently
2014 World Cup
2016 Olympics
Natural attractions in Brazil
Amazon rainforest - guided tours
Ecotourism is even more profitable than rainforest being cleared for agriculture
Sun holidays in Brazil
9000km of coastline
Sub tropical climate
Cupacubana beach in Rio is one of most famous in the world
Heritage and culture tourism in Brazil
Carnival festival
2 million visit Rio each day of carnival
Generates lots of money for local businesses
Negative effects of tourism
Tours of favelas
Increased tourist numbers cab ruin natural habitat of plants and animals in rainforest
How are race relations in Brazil
Poor because of social Gail between white Brazilians and Afro Brazilians
In Salvador white Brazilians earn how much more than Afro Brazilians
3.2 x
Who in Brazil is affected by poverty most? (5)
North Northeast Women Black Indigenous people
Black and mixed race form how much % of population
50%
Population density in Brazil
25/km2
Is population evenly distributed
No 80% live within 300km of east coast because climate is more tolerable
They also don’t live in rainforest
They moved east to get jobs
How did government attempt to move people away from the coast
In 1950s, the capital city of Brasilia was built 1200km inland.
This is the 4th largest city in Brazil
Industrial triangle
Sao Paulao, Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro
Sao Paulo was founded
In 16th century by jesuits
Is São Paulo located on coast
No,
. It’s 50km inland making it the worlds second largest urban area not located at the coast
Pop of São Paulo
21 m
Foreign migration immigration in São Paulo
Italy
Japan - 1.5m Japanese pop
Agriculture in São Paulo
Gold, coffee and sugar cane
Is tertiary strong in São Paulo
Yes. It’s a multifunctional city
Banking and stock exchange
MNCs
University city
Secondary sector – number of factories in São Paulo
1200
How bad is traffic in São Paulo
180km tailbacks
Air taxi services have come about
What are favelas
Unplanned neighbourhoods
Unregulated with social issues
Where migrants who come from countryside live
Poor
Three regions based on ethnic/racial differences
1) Afro-Brazilians north east
2) Amerindian amazon rainforest
3) white Brazilians south east
Why did Portuguese colonist stay at coast
Favourable climate
Ports
Religion of white Brazilians
Catholic (65% are catholic)
How is catholic religion evident
Church architecture (Portuguese style) Religious festivals
Language of Brazil
Portuguese
Why large number of Afro Brazilians in north east
Where sugar pknattaions were and where slaves worked
Eg Salvador
Religion of Afro Brazilians
Candomblé
% black un Salvador
80
Who gave samba
Afro Brazilians
How is it evident race relations are poor
In Salvador, white earn 3.2x more than black
Example of Amerindian
Yanomami
Amount of amerindias now after exploitation of rainforest
600,000
Brazil pop in 1900
17milliom
Pop density in Brazil
25/km v uneven
80% live within 320km of coast
Largest favela
Rocinha
Governments attempt to spread population
Brasilia as new capital city in 1950s
Offered farmers free land there
Harsh climate made farming difficult
Now only 3rd largest in Brazil
