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Leaving Cert Geography - > Brazil A Sub Continental Region > Flashcards

Brazil A Sub Continental Region Flashcards

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1
Q

Brazil is the x largest country

A

5th

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2
Q

Population of Brazil

A

209 million

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3
Q

How stark is poverty

A

40 million living on less than €1 a day

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4
Q

Relief in Brazil

A

South east is mountainous
Brazil plateau takes up most of country
Amazon

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5
Q

Drainage in Brazil

A

Excellent due to amazon which occupies a third of Brazil

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6
Q

Climate in Brazil

A

So large it has three

Equatorial, tropical and semi arid

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7
Q

Equatorial climate

A

North and west around Amazon

32c day
22c night
Lots of rain
Very humid
No clear season
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8
Q

Tropical climate

A

90% of country has this one
Warm and sunny
1500 to 2000 rainfall annually that comes in storms

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9
Q

Semi arid climate

A

North east
Dry and hot can teach 38 to 40c
Irregular rain with lowest annual rainfall being 278mm

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10
Q

Soils in Brazil

A 
Terra Rosa (for coffee trees)
Alluvial soils (along amazon, very fertile)
Latosoils (under rainforests, trees provide plant litter for humus, deforestation ruins these soils)
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11
Q

Brazil is the x largest exporter of goods in the world

A

4th

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12
Q

What do Brazil export

A 
Coffee
Beef
Sugar
Oranges
Soya beans
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13
Q

X percent of country in arable

A

7%

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14
Q

Soya production in Brazil

A

Brazil and Argentina account for half of worlds soya bean production
Brazilian scientist developed way to grow in hot conditions in central Brazil
Highly mechanised
Exported to Europe where its used for animal feed

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15
Q

Sugar cane production in Brazil

A

Employs 1 million
50% is jsedto make ethanol used instead of petrol
Grown in the south/centre

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16
Q

Brazil holds X% of coffe market

A

32%

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17
Q

Amount employed in coffee

A

10miliiom

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18
Q

Coffee worth

A

9 billion

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19
Q

How are the physical characteristics ideal for coffee production

A 
High temp
Absence of frost
Deep, well drained soil -terra Rosa
Humid conditions with rain 
High altitude reduce risk of pest attack
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20
Q

Cattle farming

A

Large scales
3rd biggest consumer of beef ww
Forests are being cleared for cattle - environmental controversy

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21
Q

Forestry in Brazil

A

6 million jobs
3!000 logging companies in operation but illegal logging is a problem
Amazon is now only 87% of what it once was

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22
Q

Examples of things secondary ec act produce in Brazil

A

Cars,, steel, electronics

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23
Q

Factors that have influenced growth of manufacturing in Brazil

A 
Collapse of world trade in WW2 meant Brazil had to develop its own manufacturing 
Large market -209 pop
Many natural resources -iron and oil
Foreign investment x cars
Creation of common market Mercosul
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24
Q

Why did growth of steel industry occur in Brazil

A

Cheap labour force
Abundance of raw material
Cutting edge technology

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25
Q

Car manufacturing in Brazil

A

5th biggest producer
European eg Volkswagen and Renault located factories
Brazil benefitted from new technology and employment

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26
Q

Industry triangle in Brazil

A

São Paulo, río de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte

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27
Q

Why is south east where most manufacturing is concentrated?

A

Raw materials - iron and oil
Large ports
Itaipu Dam
All cities have large population- large workforce
Communications infrastructure are well developed and broadband
Great wealth
Large market

28
Q

Domestic tourism in Brazil

A

70 million I’m 2014

29
Q

Why have foreign people visited Brazil recently

A

2014 World Cup

2016 Olympics

30
Q

Natural attractions in Brazil

A

Amazon rainforest - guided tours

Ecotourism is even more profitable than rainforest being cleared for agriculture

31
Q

Sun holidays in Brazil

A

9000km of coastline
Sub tropical climate
Cupacubana beach in Rio is one of most famous in the world

32
Q

Heritage and culture tourism in Brazil

A

Carnival festival
2 million visit Rio each day of carnival
Generates lots of money for local businesses

33
Q

Negative effects of tourism

A

Tours of favelas

Increased tourist numbers cab ruin natural habitat of plants and animals in rainforest

34
Q

How are race relations in Brazil

A

Poor because of social Gail between white Brazilians and Afro Brazilians

35
Q

In Salvador white Brazilians earn how much more than Afro Brazilians

A

3.2 x

36
Q

Who in Brazil is affected by poverty most? (5)

A 
North
Northeast
Women
Black 
Indigenous people
37
Q

Black and mixed race form how much % of population

A

50%

38
Q

Population density in Brazil

A

25/km2

39
Q

Is population evenly distributed

A

No 80% live within 300km of east coast because climate is more tolerable
They also don’t live in rainforest
They moved east to get jobs

40
Q

How did government attempt to move people away from the coast

A

In 1950s, the capital city of Brasilia was built 1200km inland.
This is the 4th largest city in Brazil

41
Q

Industrial triangle

A

Sao Paulao, Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro

42
Q

Sao Paulo was founded

A

In 16th century by jesuits

43
Q

Is São Paulo located on coast

A

No,

. It’s 50km inland making it the worlds second largest urban area not located at the coast

44
Q

Pop of São Paulo

A

21 m

45
Q

Foreign migration immigration in São Paulo

A

Italy

Japan - 1.5m Japanese pop

46
Q

Agriculture in São Paulo

A

Gold, coffee and sugar cane

47
Q

Is tertiary strong in São Paulo

A

Yes. It’s a multifunctional city

Banking and stock exchange
MNCs
University city

48
Q

Secondary sector – number of factories in São Paulo

A

1200

49
Q

How bad is traffic in São Paulo

A

180km tailbacks

Air taxi services have come about

50
Q

What are favelas

A

Unplanned neighbourhoods
Unregulated with social issues
Where migrants who come from countryside live
Poor

51
Q

Three regions based on ethnic/racial differences

A

1) Afro-Brazilians north east
2) Amerindian amazon rainforest
3) white Brazilians south east

52
Q

Why did Portuguese colonist stay at coast

A

Favourable climate

Ports

53
Q

Religion of white Brazilians

A

Catholic (65% are catholic)

54
Q

How is catholic religion evident

A 
Church architecture (Portuguese style)
Religious festivals
55
Q

Language of Brazil

A

Portuguese

56
Q

Why large number of Afro Brazilians in north east

A

Where sugar pknattaions were and where slaves worked

Eg Salvador

57
Q

Religion of Afro Brazilians

A

Candomblé

58
Q

% black un Salvador

A

80

59
Q

Who gave samba

A

Afro Brazilians

60
Q

How is it evident race relations are poor

A

In Salvador, white earn 3.2x more than black

61
Q

Example of Amerindian

A

Yanomami

62
Q

Amount of amerindias now after exploitation of rainforest

A

600,000

63
Q

Brazil pop in 1900

A

17milliom

64
Q

Pop density in Brazil

A

25/km v uneven

80% live within 320km of coast

65
Q

Largest favela

A

Rocinha

66
Q

Governments attempt to spread population

A

Brasilia as new capital city in 1950s
Offered farmers free land there
Harsh climate made farming difficult
Now only 3rd largest in Brazil

Leaving Cert Geography - (23 decks)

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