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Leaving Cert Geography - > Glacial Processes > Flashcards

Glacial Processes Flashcards

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1
Q

Current interglacial period is called

A

Holocene

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2
Q

Last glaciación was called

A

Great ice age

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3
Q

Glaciaciones that have effected Ireland

A

Munsterian

Midlandian

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4
Q

What are glaciers

A

Rivers of ice that move slowly

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5
Q

When do glaciers occur

A

When accumulation of snow is greater than rate of melting

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6
Q

Types of glaciers

A 
Valley glaciers ( u shaped valleys in mountainous locations)
Continental ice sheets/ glaciers (enormous areas of glacial ice
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7
Q

Example of valley glacier

A

In Alaska

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8
Q

Examples of continental ice sheets

A

Antarctic ice sheet

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9
Q

What is calving

A

When bits of the glacier are broken off by the sea and become icebergs

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10
Q

What are ice caps

A

Smaller ice sheets

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11
Q

How does glacier ice form

A

Snow falls and ice crystals are compressed
Make an ice called firn
Ice turns hard and blue due to compression

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12
Q

Processes of glacier transport

A

Basal slide (pressure of glacier melts thin layer at bottom which the glacier cab then slide on)

Plastic flow (glacier cannot support its own weight and ice layers slip within the glacier)

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13
Q

What is material carried by a glacier called

A

Moraine

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14
Q

Processes of glacial erosion

A

Plucking (glacier melts and refreshes around rock, lifting and transporting it)

Abrasion (jagged pieces of rock on valley walls and floor are stuck into Side of glaciers)this causes scraping of valleys, direction of scrapes shows direction glacier moved

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15
Q

What is a striation

A

Scrapes in rock made by glacier abrasion that show the direction the glacier moved in

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16
Q

Cirque shape

A

Armchair

17
Q

What is at the top of a number of cirques where they meet

A

Pyramidal peak

18
Q

A cirque filled with water is called

A

A tarn

19
Q

What a small lakes that are connected by little streams

A

Ribbon lakes

20
Q

What are fjords

A

Drowned u shaped valleys

Glacier at coast

21
Q

Material deposited by glaciers is called

A

Boulder clay

Glacial drift

22
Q

Material deposited by a melted glacier is called

A

Fluvio glacial drift

23
Q

Types of moraine

A 
Lateral (sides)
Medial (middle between two glaciers)
Terminal (end)
Recessional (as glacier retreats)
Ground (under)
24
Q

Drumlins on maps look like

A

A basket of eggs

25
Q

What are large boulders deposited by glaciers called

A

Erratics
Often look out of place
Different rock to surrounding

26
Q

What are eskers

A

Ridges of stratified sands

27
Q

What is an out wash plain

A

Large areas of sand and gravel deposited across the landscape by the melted water of a glacier

Leaving Cert Geography - (23 decks)

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