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Leaving Cert Geography - > Human Elective - population > Flashcards

Human Elective - population Flashcards

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1
Q

What does demography mean

A

The study of human population. People who study demography are called demographers

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2
Q

What is population distribution

A

The way in which people are spread out across the world, a country, or region

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3
Q

What is population density

A

It is used to help measure population distribution of people throughout the world. Total population divided by size of area

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4
Q

What is infant mortality

A

Deaths before one yr old

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5
Q

What is a natural increase of population

A

When birth rates exceed dead rates

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6
Q

What is total fertility rate

A

The average number of births per woman in a particular country

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7
Q

What is population replacement level

A

Total fertility rate at which a population replaces itself from one generation to the next

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8
Q

Age dependency ratio

A

The ratio of persons in the ages defined as dependant (under 15 and over 65)

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9
Q

By 2030 X% of the worlds population will live in urban areas

A

60%

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10
Q

Ireland population density

A

70 per km squared

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11
Q

Dublin population density

A

185 people per km squared

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12
Q

Why is population density higher in Dublin

A

Job opportunities encouraged in migration

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13
Q

Population of Dublin commuter zone

A

2million

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14
Q

How many counties in Dublin commuter belt

A

13

Eg Louth, Meath, Kildare, Wicklow

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15
Q

Cheaper houses and commute to work

Industry of their own eg maynooth, drogheda

A

Places around Dublin also have high density, why

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16
Q

Why low density in west of Ireland

A

Unfavourable land
Out migration
Highlands, bogs

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17
Q

Average population density of France

A

119 people per km squared

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18
Q

Highest populated regions in France, why

A

Seinne valley
Greater Paris

Industry eg fashion
Ports eg channel to London

Mediterranean coast due to tourism

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19
Q

Nice, France population density

A

More than 500 per km squared

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20
Q

Low density in France

A

Empty diagonal
Little cities to attract industry
Agricultural land
Out migration

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21
Q

Population density of Brazil

A

20 per km squared due to vast space the rainforest take up

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22
Q

Factors that effect population growth

A 
Technology
Government policy
Development of resources
Society and culture
Income levels
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23
Q

Types of technological improvements

A

Medical
Water
Agricultural

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24
Q

Examples of medical technology

A

Vaccines (preventative)
Contraception
Penicillin
Pacemaker

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25
Q

How does contraception and family planning effect population growth

A

Controls, declines birth rates

Improving standard of living and life expectancy in poorer countries

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26
Q

How do vaccines effect population growth

A

Prevent disease so decrease death rate
Eg for measles, reduces child mortality rate
Cheap and available widespread

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27
Q

An example of medicine which effects population growth

A

Penicillin
Antibiotic
Cures bacterial infections

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28
Q

Examples of water technology

A

Irrigation
Water filtering technology
Dams

29
Q

Where is irrigation used

A

Along Mediterranean coast

30
Q

Effects of irrigation on population growth

A

Increased food supply allows population to increase

31
Q

Irrigation has increased food production globally by:

A

25%

32
Q

Example of a dam that effected population growth

A

3 gorges dam
Built to stop floods such as that in 1931 which killed 130,000
Also provides energy to 60 million people

33
Q

Why is water filtering technology vital

A

For preventing water borne disease eg cholera

34
Q

Examples of agricultural technologies

A

High yielding crop varieties developed in labs (GM)
Chemical fertilisers and insecticides
Machinery eg tractor

35
Q

Green revolution

A

1960s
Scientist developed miracle varieties
Crossed strains of rice to make a plant that matures in a shorter time frame

Mexico, India, Pakistan, China. A staple food, need to grow enough to keep up with their growing populations

36
Q

Examples of why food would be genetically modified

A

Resist disease
Grow in different conditions
Produce higher yield

37
Q

Benefits of GM food

A

More food grown in less space (used in USA) because we are constantly eating into farmland for infrastructure

38
Q

Disadvantages of GM foods

A

We don’t know their long term effect on our health

39
Q

What is a resource

A

Something that is useful to people eg soil, minerals, wind turbines. When a resource is being developed, population increases because labour is needed

40
Q

-% of the known global oil reserves exist in the Persian gulf

A

55%

41
Q

Example of Persian gulf countries

A

Saudi Arabia.
Qatar
United Arib emirates
Omen

42
Q

When did oil drilling begin in Persian Gulf

A

1950s

43
Q

By - the world was dependent on Persian gulf for oil

A

1970s

44
Q

By 2016 -million migrant workers were working in Persian gulf

A

31 million

45
Q

Where did the oil related workers mainly come from

A

Philippines
India
Bangladesh
Pakistan

46
Q

Where did the more educated and professional workers come from

A

Europe

USA

47
Q

Resource in Brazil

A

Farmland

Amazon (iron ore)

48
Q

Iron ore mine in Brazil

A

Carajás

49
Q

Bangladesh pop density

A

1266 per km squared

50
Q

Effects of overpopulation on Bangladesh

A

Poverty, hunger, malnutrition

Migration, cash jobs

51
Q
  • children under the age of 5 in Bangladesh are malnourished
A

7 million

52
Q

Where would Bangladesh people move

A

Cities (Dhaka)

Persian Gulf

53
Q

Examples of cash jobs in Bangladesh

A

Fruit and vegetable seller
Barber
Rickshaw drivers

54
Q

Outward migration reached X in the 1950s

A

411,000 people

55
Q

Lowest Irish population in history

A

2.8 million

56
Q

Push factors in 1950s

A

Mechanisation of agriculture

Manufacturing limited outside Dublin

57
Q

Pull factors in Britain

A

Post war economic boom
Rebuilding of damaged buildings
Industry
Social life

58
Q

Effects of emigration in the 1950s on Ireland

A

Parishes lost young adults
No Gaa team
Elderly dependents

59
Q

In the 1960s and 1970s, X migrants returned to live at home in Ireland

A

104,000

60
Q

What attracted people home in 1960s/70s

A

First Programme for Economic Expansion attracted foreign companies to set up in Ireland. It gave them grants and low corporate tax. Created employment

61
Q

When did ireland join EU

A

1973

62
Q

Highest emigration levels

A

1989
70,000 left

Brain drain

63
Q

Celtic tiger era

A

1996-2008

64
Q

By 2005, X% of the population were born outside the country

A

10%

65
Q

Job opportunities during Celtic tiger

A

Construction

MNCs

66
Q

Majority of immigrants came from where during Celtic tiger

A

Latvia

Poland

67
Q

Unemployment reached X% during recession 2010

A

15%

68
Q

Main emigration destination 2010 recession

A

Australia

Canada

69
Q

2017 unemployment rate

A

6%

Leaving Cert Geography - (23 decks)

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