MIDTERMS ANTINEOPLASTICS

Question 1

which are designed to fight neoplasms, or cancers

Answer 1

antineoplastic agents

Question 2

loss of cellular differentiation and organization, which leads to a loss of their ability
to function normally

Answer 2

anaplasia

Question 3

growing without the usual
homeostatic restrictions that regulate cell growth and control

Answer 3

autonomy

Question 4

abnormal cells release enzymes that generate blood vessels TERM

Answer 4

angiogenesis

Question 5

tumors that originate
in epithelial cells

Answer 5

carcinomas

Question 6

tumors that originate in the mesenchyme and are made up of embryonic connective tissue cells

Answer 6

sarcomas

Question 7

percentage of cells is
killed after each dose of chemotherapy

Answer 7

Cell kill theory

Question 8

most useful in the treatment of slow-growing cancers, which have many cells in
the resting phase

Answer 8

Alkylating Agents

Question 9

Alkylating agents produce their cytotoxic effects by reacting chemically with
portions of the

Answer 9

RNA, DNA, or other cellular proteins

Question 10

drugs are most useful in the treatment of slow-growing cancers such as various lymphomas, leukemias, myelomas; some ovarian, testicular, and breast cancers; and some pancreatic cancers.

Answer 10

Alkylating agents

Question 11

a cytoprotective (cell-protecting) drug that preserves
healthy cells from the toxic effects of cisplatin

Answer 11

Amifostine

Question 12

a cytoprotective agent that is used to reduce the
incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis caused by ifosfamide

Answer 12

Mesna

Question 13

approved for the treatment of extravasation
resulting from IV antineoplastic antibiotic chemotherapy.

Answer 13

Dexrazoxane

Question 14

inhibits the enzyme that allows the conversion of purines to uric acid, which is toxic to the body

Answer 14

Allopurinol

Question 15

approved for the management of plasma uric
acid levels in patients with leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumor
malignancies

Answer 15

Rasburicase

Question 16

drugs that have chemical structures necessary for the growth and division of rapidly growing neoplastic cells and normal cells.

Answer 16

Antimetabolites

Question 17

inhibit DNA production in cells that depend on certain
natural metabolites to produce their DNA

Answer 17

Antimetabolites

Question 18

They are most effective in rapidly dividing cells, preventing cell replication, and leading to cell death

Answer 18

Antimetabolites

Question 19

Treatment of gestational choriocarcinoma, Inhibits folic acid reductase

Answer 19

Methotrexate

Question 20

an active form of folic acid that is used to “rescue”
normal cells from the adverse effects of methotrexate therapy

Answer 20

Leucovorin

Question 21

are cytotoxic and interfere with cellular DNA synthesis by inserting themselves between base pairs in the DNA chain.

Answer 21

antineoplastic antibiotics

Question 22

Pharmacokinetics: antineoplastic antibiotics

Answer 22

not absorbed well from the GI tract

given IV or injected into specific sites

metabolized in the liver
and excreted in the urine at various rates.

Question 23

cardioprotective drug that interferes with the cardiotoxic effects of
doxorubicin.

Answer 23

Dexrazoxane

Question 24

produce regression in acute lymphoblastic lymphoma

Answer 24

Doxorubicin

Question 25

drugs that kill cells as the process of mitosis begins

Answer 25

Mitotic Inhibitors

Question 26

These drugs are used for the treatment of a variety of tumors
and leukemias

Answer 26

mitotic inhibitors

Question 27

Indications: Acute leukemia, Hodgkin disease

Answer 27

Vincristine

Question 28

used to block the release of gonadotropic hormones in breast or prostate cancer

Answer 28

Hormones and Hormone Modulators

Question 29

are receptor site specific or hormone specific to block the stimulation of growing cancer cells that are sensitive to the presence of that hormone

Answer 29

hormones and hormone modulators

Question 30

If hormones and hormone modulators are taken with _______,
there is often an increased risk of bleeding.

Answer 30

oral anticoagulants

Question 31

Treatment of metastatic breast cancer

Answer 31

Tamoxifen

Question 32

act on specific enzymes that are needed for protein building by specific tumor cells. Blocking these enzymes inhibits tumor cell growth and division

Answer 32

The protein kinase inhibitors

Question 33

an oral antineoplastic drug, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor that
selectively inhibits the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase

Answer 33

Imatinib