CHAP 22 - 23 Flashcards
most common type of psychosis
schizophrenia
state of hyperexcitablity ; severe depression
Mania
daytme sleep and loss of wakefulness
Narcolepsy
dopamine receptor blockers treat disorders involving thought process
antipsychotic
called neuroleptic agents and known as major tranquilizers
Antipsychotic
for manic episodes
Lithium salts
treat attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. first line medication for ADHD
Methylphenidate,
treat sleepiness due to narcolepsy,
Modafinil,
collect of diff syndromes; charac by seizures
Epilepsy
sudden discharge of excessive energy
Energy
tonic-clonic reaction to electrical energy
Convulsions
dramatic tonic-clonic seizures
grandmal seizures
absent seizures
petitmal seizures
short sporadic periods of muscle contractions
Myoclonic seizures
high fevers and involve convulsions
Febrile seizures
most dangerous seizure
Status epilepticus
a neurological condition
characterized by two or more
unprovoked seizures
epilepsy
Stablizie nerve membranes
Hydantoins
used for emergency epilepticus and acute seizures
Phenobarbital
alternate of tonicclonic seizures
Primidone
effects of gamma aminobutyric acide
Benzodiazepines
modulates inhibitory neuro
Succinimides
inhibits voltage sensitive sodium
Zonisamide
oppose acetylchloine at receptor sites
Anticholinergics
treatment for parkinsonism; precursor of dopamine ; combined with carbidopa
Levodopa
inhibiting both monosynaptic and polysynaptic
reflexes at the spinal level
Baclofen-
inhibition of
acetylcholinesterase at synapses in the autonomic nervous system,
methocarbamol
reduces spasticity by causing presynaptic inhibition of motor neurons; the release of excitatory amino
acids
Tizanidine-
depresses excitation-contraction coupling in
skeletal muscle
Dantrolene
vasoconstriction of pain-sensitive intracranial vessels
Triptans
occupy opioid receptors
Narcotics
painblocking recptors, euphoria
Mu receptors
results from the dilation of your blood
vessels from the increased blood flow.
Throbbing
use to produce loss of pain
General anesthetics
technique of general anesthesia based on the
concept that administration of a mixture of small amounts of several
neuronal depressants summates the advantages
Balanced Anesthesia-
circumferentially blocking innervation
to the area.
Field blocks
target the innervation to a specific area and are useful on the face and digits.
Nerve blocks
producing loss-of-sensation
restricted to a superficial, localized area in the body.
Local infiltration anesthesia
local anesthetic is injected
intravenously and isolated from circulation in a target area.
Bier’s block anesthesia
of injecting local anesthetic solutions into the
venous system of an upper or lower extremity that has been exsanguinated
by compression
Bier block
adheres with post-synaptic
cholinergic receptors of the motor endplate,
Succinylcholine-
mimic effect of sympathetic nervous
Andrenergic agonist
inhibiting norepinephrine
reuptake, and increasing the release of norepinephrine
Ephedrine
vasoconstrictor that
predominantly stimulates α1 receptors to cause
peripheral vasoconstriction
Metaraminol
used to treat ADHD.
Clonidine
Guanfacine
FDA-approved to treat
opiate withdrawal
Lofexidine
sympatholytic drugs block effects of sns
Adrenergic blocking agents
treat cardiac related conditions
Alpha & beta andrenergic agents
treat hypertension and BPH
Alpha1 selective adrenergic blocking agents
causes vasodilation
(widening) of the blood vessels, and consequently
decreases the resistance of blood flow.
Prazosin
produces its therapeutic actions by
competitively blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors
leading to a muscle relaxation and a
widening of the blood vessels.
Phentolamine
drugs treat cardiovasc problems
Beta adrenergic blocking agents
mimic action of pns
pARASYMPATHOMIMETIC
increase acetycholine activty receptor sites
Cholinergic agents
stimulate muscarinic receptors
Direct acting cholinergic agonist
a widely used anticholnergic drug
Atropine
