middle ages and chartism lol

Question 1

religious factors of the pilgrimage of grace

Answer 1

anger iver the changed 1535 prayer book
henry had made himself head of the coe having steered avway from religious traditions
massively mistreated monks who were seen with great respect
monestries had their riches taken and those were seen as a gift from god

Question 2

econoic factors of the pilgrimage of grace

Answer 2

bad hervest meant lack of food and increased tensions
new taxes on cattle, death birth and marriage which they couldnt pay
farmers couldnt pay cattle tax because of the bad harvest

Question 3

political factors of the pilgrimage of grace

Answer 3

henries chief advisors cromwell was seen as a very greedy man who was to blame for henrys misleading. he took away power in the north and took monestry riches
Anne Boleyn was worried to be a witch
the north had always been poorrer and more reglected

Question 4

key events of the POG

Answer 4

people were inspired in the north to stop the monsestries being destroyed
robert Aske founded groups up to 50k people who occupied towns and restored monestries
they were too large to be beaten by force so in december the king sent duke norfolk to meet with them, they gave their articles asking for the pope and fpr cromwell to leave and agreed a peace and pardon on rhe basis henry complied.
in january a rebel did not believe henry was true so he started another small uprising, giivng henry the excuse to say theyre not peacful and to round up all of the leaders and kill them
it was a conservative movement interested in preserving the power of the church is it was prior

Question 5

significe of the pilgrimage of grace

Answer 5

-showed henry as a powerful leader as he hung publicly all the leaders
-largest rebellion in the 16th century, army outpowered the kings
-their faliure discorages others
-henry dissolved the monestries at a much faster rate due to his distrust
the rebells signed an oath that -showed relgion could be an alternate to hierachy

Question 6

religious causes of the english civil war

Answer 6

-many new religions were hard to control
-people hated catholics and worried charles was married to and surrounded by them, he was certainly alot more passive than most of the public
-new prayer book accused of being too catholic
-scottish puritans HATED the new prayer book
- archbishop laud changed churches to be more catholic

Question 7

political factors of the civil war

Answer 7

charles was the first king to raise taaxes without parliment since simon de monfort
he believed he was gods gift and ruled without parliment for a decade
gentry HATED Charles
Charles preferred advice from his inner circle
He alienated parliment and it was them who decided his death

Question 8

invidiual roles factors of the civil war

Answer 8

john humpden and pym refused taxes and refused the king
cromwell dominated with his ideas and fans
archbishop laud and charles were VERY unpopular

Question 9

key events of the revolution

Answer 9

between 29-40 charles ruled and set taxes without parliment but he needed money to fight the scots over the unpopular lauds prayer book
in 1641 parliment published the great remonstrance whihc aimed to limit his power, in 42 charles tried to arrest 5 mps and that year he raised war against parliment.
in the first two years of war chalres was winning but then comwell introduced the proffessional model army that worked on skill and merit. in 47 Charles was captured but escaped and in 48 lead a rebellion from scotland which lost again. in 49 he wa sput on triall and excecuted
new model army held the putney debates to decide what to do w england and there were very split opinions

Question 10

Long term significance of the english civil war

Answer 10

though not much actually changed, england regained a king soon after, it was clear that parliment was now largely in control of the ruler for the first time
the glorious rev demonstrated this when james II was removed by the parliment for a ruler they agreed with
lead the way for the complete power of the PM over the monarchy in modern society
first and only time a king has been killed and not replaced, england defied the divine right

Question 11

economic causes of the american rev

Answer 11

-when the 13 colonies were invaded by france britain began to tax the usa to pay for the soldiers incl the stamp tax
-americans were charged byb the brittish but got no saw in the laws that affedcted their teaxes, they believe in no taxation without representation
-the brittish had an act whih stopped them from trading with any other colonies
-boston teaprty was a leading factor when they pushed the brits symbolic trading tea into the sea and so the brits shut off tjer shipping until payed back

Question 12

KEY EVENTS OF THE AMERICAN REV

Answer 12

from 1775-83 there was a constant war.
on july 4 76 they unnofficially declared themselves indepedant, britain used ghermany to fight against their own colonie which alienated the ameriicans and america began to win after 81 when the french and their strong tactics joint in, after the embarrasing defeat in york town the americans took the win and in 83 the paris treaty declared their indepence

Question 13

role of the indiviual in the american rev

Answer 13

-radicals were self made men who thought it was ridiculous they had no say in the laws they adbode to
-loyalits thought they needed brittish aid to keep strong as colonies
-tories thought the fact they ruled over america made them in chare, it was not a democracy
-radicalish bristolian merchants thought american indepence would protect their trade with america so pushed for indeoence
- Thomas Paine wrote pamphlets urging for american independance

Question 14

significance of the american rev

Answer 14

-inspired other coutries to break free of oppressive societal laws and to rebeal like the following french rev
-was one of the first examples of a colony completely gaining indepence
huge loss for colonialism
-started a democratic gov who satill run to this day
- support for radicalist ideas grew in britain
- the brits became more wary of defeat, they defeated france in 1815

Question 15

what social/ gov issues caused chatism

Answer 15

-in 1832 after years of rejection the amount of backlash lead finality jack to give a new reform in the great reform act, the only one he would allow- it expanded people voting but required you to have property, expanded boroughs and banned women
agitation increased
- the gov readily used force to crush the chartists

Question 16

what were the chartists aims- the peoples charter 1838

Answer 16

all men got votes
secret ballot so no violence or bribery
distrcits voted based off of population density, so spare country land owners couldnt get huge votes
no requirements to be an mp and pay for mps so it can be a job rather than a irch man hobby
annual parliments

Question 17

more communcation as a factor for chartism

Answer 17

huge mass meetings
loads of peitions some with up to 3million signatures
got loads of support from the lower class
cheap newspaper- the northern star
talks with sympathetic mps
newport riisng- physical chartsts 10000 marched on newport

Question 18

short term effects of chartism

Answer 18

-pm ‘finality jack’ refused to change any more laws out of fear of equality and hence loss of power for the rich
-many chartists were moved to australia to silence the movement
- the movement greatly died

Question 19

long term effects of chartism

Answer 19

-from 1832-84 many ideas were put forward as law, old boroughs were hcanged, peoples charter in 38 meant votes for all men and secret ballot
basically started the evolution for equality that is still rapidly chnaging to this day
-however it wasnt direcctly from them that it was changed as they had died out during the century of change
-many ex chartists helpd w reformers, trade unions and womens suffridge- inspired lots of working class culture and future pllitical movements
- by 42there were 50k chartists

Question 20

linconshire part of the pilgrimage of grace

Answer 20

in linconshire in October 1536 there was a small uprising as people were scared the churches power was being taken and all religious people were to be dssolved like the monks
they wrote to henry in the linchon articles asking for the rights of the churches and the poor
henry marched on the 10000 rebels and they dissolved

Question 21

role of the indiviual in the pilgrimage of grace

Answer 21

ROBERT ASKE- became part of rebellion in linconshire, a good lawyer and gentry.
he coined the name of the revolt and lead the revolts in yorkshire until more important nobels got involved
he was fast to disband the rebellio and befriend henry

Question 22

short term effects of the english civil war

Answer 22

• in 49 conwell banned the equality driven diggers and many of the more radical idealists from the model army
• cromwell rpoved to be no radical nterested in change like the levellers and diggers wanted
• comwell essentially became a dictator which shows the selfish nature of his ideas
• comwell banned theatres and even christmas

Question 23

issues with voting in the 1800s/ scoietal or gov factors that made chaartism

Answer 23

the boroughs had not been changed in many hundred years and grossly populated areas had little political repreentation whilst some areas of country had several whilst being owned by one rich landlord
-mp was not a paid job but a rich hobby
-votes were public
-voting was biased
- people like factory owners had a huge part in the industrial rev but no part in parliment

Question 24

communication as a factor of chartism

Answer 24

• from the late 1700s to the mid 1800s
• people publish pamphelts and toured the uk preaching electroal rights and changed- john cartright
• reform acts were passe and rejected by the mps
• william corbett prduced weekly info
• hampden clubs (after ship money rebel john hampden)
• 1816 spa fields riots
• 1819 thousands met in st peter fields peacfully protesting but the masses scared authorities so they banned large meetings, arrested lleaders including Henry Hunt and killed eleven

Question 25

economic cause of chartism

Answer 25

most of the anger at the government was in waves when there were economic crisis
- corn laws in 1815 increased price of bread which angered the poor as it was to appease the rich factory owners

Question 26

Chance as a factor of the POG

Answer 26

Aske only became involved in the pog on accident when forced to make an oath of support

Question 27

Economic cause of english civil war

Answer 27

• charles ruled for 11 years without parliment and raised taxes without their imput
• charles introduced ship taxes
• charles had limited funds to pay Scot’s

Question 28

War as a factor of the English civil war

Answer 28

Charles was fighting the Scot’s and had to pay compensation whcih meant raised taxes

Question 29

Ideas as a factor of the civil war

Answer 29

Parliment became a lot more self confident and decided in the power of the army and lessened rights for the king

Question 30

war as a factor of the american civil war

Answer 30

• it was the 7 year war w france that lead the brits to increase taxes on american colonies

Question 31

communication as a factor for American war

Answer 31

all 13 american colonies bounded together in order to work to defend themselves agaisnst the brits
- they were able to form a french alliance
- Thomas Paine pamphlets

Question 32

ideas as a factor for the American war

Answer 32

• radicalist ideas became very widespread in america oposing british rule

Question 33

ideas in the great reform act 1832

Answer 33

• towns like birmingham were represented in voting
• removed ‘rotten boroughs’
• gave middle class like shop owners, factory owners and small landowners the vote
• still no; votes for poor or women

Question 34

ideas as a factor of chartism

Answer 34

-post american and french rev people began to form much more radical ideas

Question 35

role of the individual in chartism

Answer 35

• fergus o connor lead the northern star
• Henry Hunt lead the peterloo protests
• william corbet produced weekly info