Microprocessors: PreFi Flashcards
It has a microcontroller unit that has all the functional block (including program as well as data memory available on the same chips.
Embedded Microcontroller
ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on a byte (8 bits) at an instructions.
8 Bit Microcontroller
It used to hold the contents of data being manipulated.
Register
It holds the program instruction and the constant data, Microcontrollers use one or more of the following memory types .
ROM
Do not necessarily form part of addressable memory.
Registers wired into the CPU
The program, It executes the instruction stored in the program memory pointed to by the instructions stored in the program memory pointed to by the program counter in synchronization with the clock signals.
Central Processing Unit
ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on a byte (16 bits) at an instructions.,
16-Bit Microcontroller
8051 having Program and Data Memory, I/O Ports, Serial Communication, Counters and Timers and Interrupt Control logic on the chip.
Embedded Microcontroller
Low power consumption and used for low end appliances like LED and LCD display drivers portable battery chargers.
4 Bit Microcontroller
One time programmable, electrically le ROM , which is not field programmable.
PROM
The used to hold intermediate results and other temporary data during the execution of the program. Typically microcontroller have a few hundred of bytes of RAM.
Random Access Memory
ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on a nibble (4 bits) at no instruction
4 Bit Microcontroller
ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on a byte (32 bits) at an instructions.,
32-bit Microcontroller
The contents of these registers include set a timer or enable serial communication.
Registers required by peripheral components
Field programmable erasable byte erasable) and flash (similar to EEPROM technology.
EEPROM
Used to control program flow and arithmetic functions.
Registers wired into the CPU
A complex digital devices that generates steady pulse rate required for timing. All of the separate functions are controlled by one central timing system
Oscillator
Field programmable and usually UV erasable
EPROM
Enhanced performance computing capability and greater precision as compared to the 8 bit microcontroller.
16-Bit Microcontroller
Program counter, stack pointer, RAM address register, program address register and PC incrementor.
Registers required by peripheral components
It performs mathematical and logical operations on data
ALU
Control various functions of a microcontroller. These are divided into two groups.
Special Function Register
ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on a nibble (4 bits) at no instruction
4 Bit Microcontroller
Intel 80960 family, Motorolla M683xx and Intel /Atmel 251 family.
32-bit Microcontroller
It keeps track of the last stack location used while the processor is busy manipulating data values checking ports or checking interrupts,
Stack Pointer
This timing pulse. provides the basis for proper sequence of all the separate section of the microcontroller chips.
Oscillator
Typically consist of microcontroller, a power source, an interface for connecting to a programming device, I/O ports, and additional memory.
Microcontroller module
Provides an interface between the microcontroller and the sensors that produce analogue electrical equivalent of the actual physical parameters to the controlled.
Analogue to Digital Converter
Uses a routine that is based on timing. If a program has not been completed or repeated as a loop within a certain amount of tim e, the watching timer issues a reset command.
Watchdog timer
The signal carried by a ___may represent address data control signal or power.
Bus
The microcontroller consist of thousand of digital circuits are combined into areas to provide specific functions.
Internal Operation
Application is appliances, specialized devices, The speed is relatively high, The external port is few, Low cost, Energy use is very low to low.
Microcontroller
A converters change the digital pulses into analog signals.
Digital to analog and Analog to digital
A specialized program found as part of the microcontroller designed to prevent the microcontroller from halting or “locking up” because of a user written program since the instructions are processed step by step.
Watchdog timer
It send and receive signals from the devices the microcontroller is designed to control.
Set of I/O ports
It provide an interface between the microcontroller and the peripherals I/O devices such as the keyboard, display, etc.
I/O ports
It represent a physical connections used to carry a signal from one point to another inside a microcontroller .
Buses
It communicate with the controller.
Interface
The reset feature allows the controller to recover from the crash, it release the program and set the controller to start over again.
Watchdog timer
It mounted on a circuit board with other components function as a single unit, is referred as a module or a microcontroller board.
Microcontroller
The port of the microcontroller are used to save data and programs perform math and logic functions and generate timing signals.
Internal Operation
General computing ex. Laptop, tablets, Very fast, many external parts, and high cost, the energy use is medium to high.
Microprocessor
As an output pin, each pin can output digital signals. When programmed as an input pin each pin can receive digital signals.
I/O port when programmed
It used to hold the address of the instruction to be executed next.
Program counter
Provides an interface between the microcontroller and the actuator that provides the control function.
Digital to Analogue Converter
Powers the microcontroller and any accompanying components located on the printed circuit board.
Power source
Are used to keep time and/or measure the time interval between events, count the number of events and generate band rates for the serial ports.
Counter/Timer
The different areas are connected by a bus system. The bus system contains tiny parallel circuits that carry the digital pulse patterns from section to section.
Internal Operation
Random Access Memory stores program and data temporarily.
Internal Operation
This timing pulse. provides the basis for proper sequence of all the separate section of the microcontroller chips.
Oscillator
