Data Flashcards
It is the communication over a link between a single transmitter and a receiver.
Point to point Communication mode
Primarily used in point-to-point networks, concentrate the waves in one direction much like a flashlight concentrates light in a narrow beam.
Directional Antennas
The transfer of data or information using digital signals over a point-to-point (P2P) channel.
Digital Communication
The channel is shared among multiple devices or nodes.
Multipoint Communication
Delivers a message to all nodes in the network using a one-to-all association; a single datagram (or packet) from one sender is routed to all of the possibly multiple endpoints associated
Broadcast Signal
A more reliable and less susceptible to noise and interference than analog communication, which makes it a preferred choice for many applications.
Digital Communication
A typically produce a lower-quality picture than the original. The picture isn’t quite as sharp, the background is sometimes grainy, and the sound suffers from noise and a reduced frequency response.
Analog Transmissions
The transfer of data or information using digital signals over a point-to-point (P2P) channel. A P2P connection is a mode of communication between two communication endpoints.
Data Transmission
It meant that friends and family couldn’t gather like they used to, so they had to rely on texts, social media, and video calls to stay connected.
Social distancing
Time consuming processes like employee records management, employee recruitment, employee onboarding, benefits, and tax forms can all be automated. This frees up government staff to devote their time to more important tasks.
HR Automation
The data can be transmitted using either analog or digital signals. In Digital Communication, only digital signals are used.
Data Communication
It consumes high power due to the requirement of greater number of components, higher bandwidth, and high transmission speed.
High power consumption
It refers to the exchange of digital information between the sender and receiver using different devices and methods
Digital communication
Attenuations limit length of transmission link and data be can tolerated distortion
Analog Transmission
It represented in the form of discrete values is known as digital signal. It is transmitted in the form of bits. Only two bits (0 and 1) work in different combinations
Signal
It refers to data transmission from one place to another. It is the communication between the sender and receiver. A sender is also known as transmitter that transmits the data
Digital communication system
In a communication system, it converts the non-electrical energy to electrical energy to make it suitable for transmission within the system.
Transducer
The system can cause information loss and distortion
Noise
The signal is demodulated and the source signal is recovered from the carrier signal.
Digital Demodulator
The medium between the transmitter and the receiver. It helps in transmitting a digital signal from the transmitter to the receiver
Communication channel
A digital signal that repeats over a period of time is known as _______, such as square wave
Periodic signals
It refers to the data transmission in continuous form, while digital refers to the data transmission in the discrete form
Analog
Known as the logic signal because both represent two bands, HIGH and LOW. 0 and 1 are also represented as the numbers in Boolean domain.
Binary signal
It refers to the exchange of digital information between the sender and receiver using different devices and methods.
Digital communication
Signal processing by digital means
Digital Signal Processing
Binary representation of the analog signal
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
Specialized microprocessor that can process signals in real-time
Digital Signal Processor:
_ Characteristics:
_ are Physical Quantities, Measurable, Analog, Contain information.
Signal
signal
are devices that convert other physical quantities (temperature, pressure, etc.) to electrical signals.
Sensors
Digital representation of the signal is converted to continuous analog signal.
Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
_ has many applications, including audio and video processing, image processing, communication systems, radar and sonar systems, and control systems.
In its simplest form, _ involves taking a signal (such as an audio signal) and processing it with a digital system to provide a desired result.
DSP
_ converts signals from real world sources (usually in analog form) into digital data that can then be analyzed.
Digital Signal Processing
_ is performed in digital form because once a signal has been reduced to numbers, its components can be isolated and manipulated in more detail than in analog form.
Analysis
_ is continuous and time varying.
Troubleshooting of _ are difficult.
Easily affected by the noise.
_ use continuous values to represent the data
Analog Signals
_ have two or more states and in binary form.
Troubleshooting of __ are easy.
These are stable and less prone to noise.
_ use discrete values to represent the data.
Digital Signals
An _ is usually in the form of _.
digital signal
square wave.
An _ is usually in the form of _.
analog signal
sine wave
Digital Signal Processing Examples
_ to remove noise to obtain a clean signal.
Digital filtering
Plot and display frequency information of the digitalized signal.
Signal Spectral Analysis
_ refers to the discrete time-varying signal.
Digital
_ refers to the exchange of information between two or more sources.
Communication
_ refers to the exchange of digital information between the sender and receiver using different devices and methods.
Digital communication
The _ using analog methods for long-distance communication suffers from distortion, delays, interferences, and other losses.
data transmission
is a popular technology used today in electronics. It allows us to access video conferencing, digital meetings, online education, etc.
Digital communication
refers to the exchange of information using a specific medium, such as vacuum, space, wireless medium, wired medium, etc.
Communication
In digital terms, _ refers to the exchange of digital information from the transmitter to the receiver.
communication
_ is a two-way process of sharing information.
Communication
The components of a communication system
Are the transmitter, communication channel, and receiver.
The _ transmits the data to the communication channel, which further sends it to the receiver.
transmitter
_ refers to the data transmission in continuous form, while _
refers to the data transmission in the discrete form. It is also known as the transmission in the form of _, 0 (LOW) and 1 (HIGH).
Analog
digital
bits
A _ is an electromagnetic wave that carries information from one
place to another, using a specific propagation medium, such as air,
vacuum, water, and solid.
signal
We can represent various physical quantities using _, such as voltage and current
digital signals
In electronics, the _ is defined as a current, voltage, or wave carrying information. It can travel short
distances or long distances depending on the requirements. The speed of a signal wave is equal to the speed of light.
signal
A signal represented in the form of discrete values is known as _. It is transmitted in the form of _.
digital signal
bits
A _ can take only one value at a time from the set of finite possible values.
digital signal
The _ is also known as the logic signal because both represent two bands, HIGH and LOW.
0 and 1 are also represented as the numbers in _.
HIGH = 1 = TRUE
LOW = 0 = FALSE
binary signal
logic
Boolean domain
A _ represents a continuous waveform switching between the discrete values called _ in a communication system.
digital system
bitstreams
Types of Digital Signal
periodic signal
aperiodic signal
A signal that repeats over a period of time
periodic signal
A signal that does not repeat over a period of time
aperiodic signal
A digital signal that repeats over a period of time is known as _, such as _.
periodic signals
square wave
A digital signal that does not repeat over a period of time is known as an _. It is also a discrete signal, but not of repeated pattern.
aperiodic signal
In _, _ invented first electrical telegraph, an electrical device used for communication.
1938
W. Cooke and Whetstone
In the _, _ invented the telephone used for exchanging audio signals or sound from one place to another.
1870s
Graham Bell
A _ refers to data transmission from one place to another. It is the communication between the sender and receiver.
digital communication system
Similarly, the _ were invented during the early _.
radio and televisions
1900s
A _ is also known as transmitter that transmits the data.
sender
The _ refers to the input signal applied to the digital communication system. It is also known as the _.
source signal
input signal
___
The _ is a device used to convert one form of energy to another. In a communication system, it converts the non-electrical energy to electrical energy to make it suitable for transmission within the system.
Input Transducer
transducer
The _ compresses the data to the reduced number of bits from the original bits. It helps in effective bandwidth utilization and also removes unnecessary bits. It means that the compressed data is in the form of binary digits.
We can also say that the _ converts the waveforms to binary data.
source encoder
___
The information in the signal may get altered due to the noise during the transmissions.
The _ works as an error correction method. It adds redundant bits to the binary data that helps in correcting the error bits. It enhances the transmission quality of the signal and the channel.
Channel Encoder
channel encoder
A carrier signal modulates the received signal. It modulates the digital by varying the transmitted signal’s frequency, amplitude, and phase.
Digital Modulator
The _ is the medium between the transmitter and the receiver. It helps in transmitting a digital signal from the transmitter to the receiver.
communication channel
The signal is demodulated and the source signal is recovered from the carrier signal.
Digital Demodulator
___
The function of the _ is to add the redundant bits to the binary data, as discussed above.
The _ works in the same but opposite way. It removes the parity bits from the binary data. It does not affect the signal quality and the information and transmits the data securely.
The output of the _ is a pure digital signal with no interference or noise.
Channel decoder
channel decoder
channel decoder
channel decoder
The_ works oppositely as that of the source encoder. It converts the binary data back to the waveforms.
source decoder
The _ works in the opposite was as that of the input transducer. It converts the electrical energy back into its original form. It makes the information suitable for the user at the output to capture.
output transducer
_ in the system can cause information loss and distortion.
Noise
The _ refers to the output from the digital communication system. It is the signal that appears at the output after passing through various communication system components.
output signal
The _ are used at both the transmitting and receiving ends to filter out the noise components from the signal.
noise removal components
The _ include anti-aliasing filters, shielded cables, and grounding concepts.
noise components
_ acts as a reference voltage for the circuit and helps in preventing coupling.
Grounding
It consumes high power due to the requirement of greater number of components, higher bandwidth, and high transmission speed.
High power consumption
_ the communications process means breaking down the communication process into smaller and easier to handle interdependent categories, with each solving an important and somehow distinct aspect of the data exchange process
Layering
In a _, _ is sent as a sequence of digits that are first converted to an analog form by modulation at the transmitter and then converted back into digits by de-modulation at the receiver.
digital communication system
information
Digital communication requires _ to transmit the signals at high speed.
High transmission bandwidth
The power loss in digital communication is higher than analog communication due to the high processing speed and hardware components.
High power loss
_ means services involving the transportation of
digital data via externally owned infrastructure, including voice data, raw data, video data, control and monitoring data.
Digital Communication Services
The _ were the first technologies used to store the digital record with a large size occupying the space of a room.
digital computers
It uses digital signals with discrete values for transmitting data represented in the form of two binary digits 0 and 1.
represents one bit at a time
Digital communication
It uses analog signals for transmitting data.
Represents continuous values at a time.
Analog communication
_ is the communication between the transmitter and receiver using various devices and methods, such as encoder, decoder, data compression, etc.
Digital communication
_ is the communication between a sender and receiver using the communication medium.
Data communication
The _ with inbuilt radio transmitter was invented in _
first satellite
1957
