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MORS 200 - Sciences > Microbiology Powerpoint > Flashcards

Microbiology Powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

Mutual opposition or contrary action. The inhibition of one bacterial organism by another

A

Antagonism

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2
Q

The symbiotic relationship of two organisms of different species in which one gains some benefit such as protection or nourishment

A

Commensalism

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3
Q

A relationship in which organisms of two different species live in close association to the mutual benefit of each

A

Mutualism

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4
Q

An interactive relationship between two organisms in which one is harmed and the other benefits

A

Parasitism

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5
Q

The living together in close association of different species

A

Symbiosis

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6
Q

The harmonious action of two microorganisms producing an effect that neither could produce alone

A

Synergism

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7
Q

A chemical or physical agent that kills disease causing microorganisms generally used on inanimate objects

A

Disinfectant

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8
Q

The destruction of infectious agents by chemical or physical means directly applied to an inanimate object

A

Disinfection

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9
Q

Disease that occurs continuously in a particular region but has low mortality

A

Endemic

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10
Q

Appearance of an infectious disease or condition that attacks many people at the same time in the same geographical area

A

Epidemic

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11
Q

A disease affecting the majority of the population of a large region or one that is epidemic at the same time in many different parts of the world

A

Pandemic

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12
Q

An endemic is

A

Chronic

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13
Q

An epidemic is

A

Acute

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14
Q

A pandemic is

A

Acute

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15
Q

Produced or arising from within a cell or organism

A

Endogenous Infection

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16
Q

Originating outside an organ or part

A

Exogenous Infection

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17
Q

Glycoprotein substance developed in response to and interacting specifically with an antigen

A

Antibody aka Immunoglobulin

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18
Q

A foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies that interact specifically with it

A

Antigen

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19
Q

Relative power and degree of pathogenicity possessed by organisms to produce disease

A

Virulence

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20
Q

Dilution or weakening of virulence of a microorganism, reducing or abolishing pathogenicity

A

Attenuation

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21
Q

Increase in severity of a disease

A

Exacerbation

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22
Q

Any rod shaped microorganism

A

Bacillus (pl. Bacilli)

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23
Q

A type of bacteria that is spherical or ovoid in form

A

Coccus (pl. Cocci)

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24
Q

The presence of viable bacteria in the blood stream

A

Bacteremia

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25
Q

Condition characterized by the multiplication of bacteria in blood

A

Septicemia

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26
Q

Bacteria in the blood and/or tissues

A

Sepsis

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27
Q

An arthropod vector in which the disease causing organism multiplies or develops within the arthropod prior to becoming infective for a susceptible individual (incubation)

A

Biological Vector

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28
Q

A living organism or an object that is capable of transmitting infections by carrying the disease agent on its external body parts or surface

A

Mechanical Vector

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29
Q

Bacteria that prefers moderate temperatures and develops best at temperatures between 25 and 40 degrees C

A

Mesophile

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30
Q

Bacteria that thrive best at high temperatures between 40 and 70 degrees C

A

Thermophile

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31
Q

Bacterial toxin confined within the body of a bacterium freed only when the bacterium is broken down, found only in gram negative bacteria

A

Endotoxin

32
Q

A toxin produced by a microorganism and excreted into its surrounding medium, generally protein in nature

A

Exotoxin

33
Q

One in which the organisms are originally confined to one area but enter the blood or lymph vessel and spread to other parts of the body

A

Focal Infection

34
Q

Infection caused by germs lodging and multiplying at one point in a tissue and remaining there

A

Local Infection

35
Q

Infection caused by two or more organisms

A

Mixed Infection

36
Q

A group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multicellular organisms, lacing chlorophyll, usually bearing spores and often filamentous

A

Fungus (pl. fungi)

37
Q

One celled organisms of the Kingdom Protista - most are unicellular although some are colonial

A

Protozoa

38
Q

An original infection from which a second one originates

A

Primary Infection

39
Q

Infection caused by a different organism than the one causing the primary infection

A

Secondary INfection

40
Q

A genus of GRAM-POSITIVE non-motile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular, GRAPE-LIKE clusters

A

Staphylococcus

41
Q

A genus of bacteria containing GRAM-NEGATIVE rods, which form a CHAIN-LIKE colony

A

Streptobacilli

42
Q

GRAM-POSITIVE cocci that occur in CHAINS

A

Streptococci

43
Q

Localized accumulation of pus

A

Abscess

44
Q

A sac within or on the body surface containing air or fluid

A

Cyst

45
Q

A small elevation of the skin containing pus

A

Pustule

46
Q

An open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue

A

Ulcer

47
Q

Blister-like elevation of skin containing serous fluid

A

Vesicle

48
Q

Necrotic tissue that is wet as a result of inadequate venous drainage; may be accompanied by the invasion of saprophytic bacteria

A

Wet Gangrene

49
Q

Condition that results when the body part that dies had little blood and remains aseptic and occurs when the arteries but not the veins are obstructed

A

Dry Gangrene (Ischemic Necrosis)

50
Q

What disease makes a person susceptible to dry gangrene/ischemic necrosis?

A

Diabetes

51
Q

Disease of the arteries resulting in thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls

A

Arteriosclerosis

52
Q

A form of vascular disease marked by the deposition of lipids in the inner layer of arterial walls

A

Atherosclerosis

53
Q

Free floating object in the bloodstream

A

Embolism

54
Q

The formation or presence of an attached blood clot

A

Thrombosis

55
Q

Embolism usually occurs in the

A

Veins

56
Q

Thrombosis usually occurs in the

A

Arteries

57
Q

Pus in the pleural cavity

A

Empyema

58
Q

Accumulation of free serous fluid in the abdominal cavity

A

Ascites

59
Q

Abnormal accumulation o fluid within the pericardial sac

A

Hypopericardium

60
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity

A

Hydrothorax

61
Q

The pleural cavity deals with?

A

Lungs

62
Q

The increased size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in the number of its cells

A

Hyperplasia

63
Q

Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ, or the body

A

Hypoplasia

64
Q

Organ developed, then shrank

A

Atrophy

65
Q

Infection acquired in a hospital

A

Nosocomial

66
Q

Results from the adverse activity of medical personnel

A

Iatrogenic

67
Q

Of unknown cause

A

Idiopathic

68
Q

Disease characterized by the appearance of great numbers of immature and abnormal white blood cells

A

Leukemia

69
Q

Increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood

A

Leucocytosis

70
Q

Abnormal reduction in the number of white blood cells in the blood

A

Leucopenia

71
Q

Relative incidence of a disease in the population or number of cases in a given time at a given population

A

Morbidity Rate

72
Q

Number of deaths in a given time or place or proportion of deaths to a population

A

Mortality Rate

73
Q

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow

A

Osteomyelitis

74
Q

Loss of bone density

A

Osteoporosis

75
Q

Antemortem, pinpoint, extravascular blood discoloration visible as purplish hemorrhages of the skin

A

Petechia

76
Q

Postmoertem bruises

A

Tardieu Spots

77
Q

Condition in which spontaneous bleeding occurs in the subcutaneous tissues, causing the appearance of purple patches on the skin

A

Purpura

MORS 200 - Sciences (25 decks)

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