Embalming Chemicals

Question 1

Those embalming chemicals that are injected via the circulatory system

Answer 1

Arterial Fluids

Question 2

Arterial fluids include

Answer 2

Preservatives
Germicides
Modifying Chemicals
Supplementary Chemicals

Question 3

Preservatives are included because of their ability to

Answer 3

Inactivate Saprophytic bacteria and render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon which these bacteria thrive

Question 4

Preservatives will also arrest

Answer 4

Decomposition

Question 5

The aldehydes most frequently used in preservatives are

Answer 5

Methanal and glutaraldehyde

Question 6

The alcohols found in arterial fluids may include

Answer 6

Methanol
Ethanol
Isoproponol

Question 7

Chemicals added specifically for the purpose of destroying disease causing microorganisms

Answer 7

Supplemental Germicides

Question 8

The more common germicides are the

Answer 8

Quats and Glutaraldehyde

Question 9

Glutaraldehyde serves as both

Answer 9

Supplemental Germicide and a Preservative

Question 10

Glutaraldehyde is widely used as a surface

Answer 10

Disinfectant

Question 11

The QUAT compounds are more commonly found in

Answer 11

Cold Sterilization formulations for instruments and surface applications

Question 12

Where are QUATs found?

Answer 12

Cavity Chemical formulations

Question 13

coloring agents used in arterial embalming fluids because they impart a definite color to the fluid and in some cases to produce a coloration effect on the tissues of the body

Answer 13

Dyes

Question 14

An orange colored dye

Answer 14

Eosin

Question 15

A red colored dye

Answer 15

Erythrosine

Question 16

Chemicals which have either the ability to destroy odors by altering the substances that are causing the odors or tey have the ability to cover or mask the unpleasant odor

Answer 16

Masking Agents
Deodorants
Perfuming Materials

Question 17

Eosine and Erythrosine are primarily used to color the

Answer 17

Embalmed tissues

Question 18

Ponceau Red is used primarily to color the

Answer 18

Embalming Fluid

Question 19

In an arterial embalming fluid, making agents function is to

Answer 19

enhance the odor of the embalming fluid

Question 20

One of the most common deodorants used in embalming fluids is an ester

Answer 20

Methyl Salicylate aka Oil of Wintergreen

Question 21

Methyl Salicylate is what?

Answer 21

An ester

Question 22

What are some other deodorants found in embalming fluids?

Answer 22

Benzaldehyde aka Oil of bitter almonds
Oil of Sassafras
Oil of Cloves

Question 23

The solvents that serve as the carriers of the components found in embalming fluid

Answer 23

Vehicles

Question 24

Vehicles must be ______ with other components found in the embalming solution

Answer 24

Miscible

Question 25

Vehicles must not react with the other components in any manner that would

Answer 25

Interfere with their action on the tissues of the body

Question 26

The most common vehicles used in the embalming fluids are

Answer 26

Water Alcohols Organic Solvents

Question 27

Water is not an

Answer 27

Organic Solvent

Question 28

Chemicals for which there may be greatly varying demands depending upon the type of embalming, the environment, and the embalming fluid to be used

Answer 28

Arterial Modifying Agents

Question 29

There are various types of modifying agents, including

Answer 29

Humectants Buffers Water conditioning agents Surfactants

Question 30

Chemicals which create an increased capability for embalmed tissues to retain moisture

Answer 30

Humectants

Question 31

Some of the chemicals used as humectants include

Answer 31

Glycerol Sorbitol Glycols Lanolin

Question 32

This acts as an emollient when injected into the body

Answer 32

Lanolin

Question 33

This is said to give a soft like feel to the body

Answer 33

An Emollient

Question 34

Chemicals which have a stabilizing effect on the acid-base balance (pH) of the embalming solutions and tissues of the body

Answer 34

Buffers

Question 35

Some of the more common buffers are

Answer 35

Borax Sodium Phosphate Citrates EDTA

Question 36

These chemicals are added when the water used to dilute the concentrated fluid is known to have or suspected of containing the ions that cause hardness of water

Answer 36

Water Conditioning Agents

Question 37

What substances cause water hardness?

Answer 37

Calcium and magnesium ions

Question 38

Water hardness causes the blood to

Answer 38

Coagulate

Question 39

The more commonly used water conditioning agents in arterial solutions are

Answer 39

Sodium Citrate and EDTA

Question 40

These could also be used as water conditioning agents but their use is limited because of their toxicity

Answer 40

Oxalate Salts

Question 41

The chemicals which reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid and thereby enables the fluid to flow through smaller apertures

Answer 41

Surfactants Surface Active Agents Wetting Agents

Question 42

Surfactants are the substances which cause the __________ in dishwasher detergents which prevent spots from forming on glasses

Answer 42

Sheeting Action

Question 43

The most common examples of surfactants used in embalming fluids are

Answer 43

Sulfonates and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

Question 44

The alcohols found in the cavity fluids may include

Answer 44

Methanol Ethanol Isoproponol

Question 45

Those specialized fluids used in addition to other embalming fluids or instead of another embalming fluid

Answer 45

Accessory Fluids

Question 46

Those chemical formulations that would be used to flush out the circulatory system before the normal embalming fluid is injected arterially

Answer 46

Pre-injection fluids

Question 47

Pre-injection fluids usually contain

Answer 47

``` Surfactants Water conditioning Agents Anticoagulants Humectants Very low concentrations of preservatives ```

Question 48

Used to enhance the natural life-like appearance of the body

Answer 48

Restorative Fluids

Question 49

Restorative fluids are usually mostly

Answer 49

Humectants

Question 50

Special fluids used to minimize or reduce the effects of jaundice on the body while embalming

Answer 50

Jaundice fluids

Question 51

Jaundice fluids contain low concentrations of

Answer 51

Formaldehyde Bleaching agents Reducing Agents

Question 52

Special peservative fluids used to meet a very high formaldehyde demand of certain embalming cases

Answer 52

High Index Fluids

Question 53

High index fluids are usually in the index range of

Answer 53

30-40 %

Question 54

Those chemicals used to specifically embalm those areas of the body that can not be arterially injected in autopsy cases

Answer 54

Autospy Chemicals

Question 55

Solid autopsy chemicals used to treat the viscera and the cavities of the autopsied body

Answer 55

Hardening Compounds

Question 56

The components of hardening compounds are

Answer 56

``` Paraformaldehyde Aluminum chloride alum plaster of paris some type of filler ```

Question 57

Chemicals which prevent or inhibit the formation of mold on the body surface

Answer 57

Mold Inhibitors

Question 58

This may be applied to a body surface such as the face before applying the cosmetics to reduce the possibility of mold from forming on the body

Answer 58

Carbolated Vasoline

Question 59

This may be placed in the sealed casket to prevent mold from forming on the body

Answer 59

Paradichlorobenzene

Question 60

What are the various factors that will influence shelf life?

Answer 60

``` Temperature Storage Length Amount of methanol present pH of solution Exposure to light ```