Blood Tracing Flashcards
Blood entering the heart flows into the
Right Atrium
From the right atrium, the blood passes through a valve known as the
Tricuspid Valve
The blood flows through the tricuspid valve into the
Right Ventricle
From the right ventricle the blood passes through the
Semilunar Valves
After passing through the semilunar valves, the blood enters the
Pulmonary Artery
The pulmonary artery carries blood to the
Lungs
In the lungs the pulmonary artery subdivides into many tiny branches called
Capillaries
The capillaries in the lungs are in direct contact with many tiny air sacs called
Alveoli
As the blood flows around the alveoli, it picks up
Oxygen
As the blood flows around the alveoli, it gives off
Carbon Dioxide
The blood flows through the capillaries, around the alveoli, and then enters the
Pulmonary Veins
The pulmonary veins carry blood
Away from the lungs
The pulmonary __________ carry blood to the lungs
Artery
The pulmonary veins carry the blood to the
Left atrium of the heart
From the left atrium the blood passes through the
Bicuspid valve
From the lungs, the blood flows through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium, then flows through the bicuspid valve into the
Left Ventricle
From the left ventricle, the blood passes through another set of
Semilunar valves
From the semilunar valves, the blood flows into the main artery
The Aorta
From the aorta the blood goes to all parts of the body, eventually flowing into this
Vena Cava
From the vena cava, the blood enters this to begin the cycle again
Right Atrium
Describe the circulation of the blood through the heart, beginning with the right atrium
Right atrium, through the tricuspid valve to right ventricle, through semilunar valves to pulmonary artery to lungs to capillaries, around alveoli to pick up oxygen and give off carbon dioxide, to pulmonary veins to left atrium through bicuspid valve to left ventricle through semilunar valves to aorta to all parts of the body to vena cava and return to right atrium
The aorta arises from the left ventricle and arches backward, descending to the left. For descriptive purposes it may be considered as being subdivided into
Ascending aorta
Arch of the aorta
Thoracic Aorta
Abdominal Aorta
The ascending aorta has two small brances, which supply blood to the heart muscle
Right and left coronary arteries
The coronary arteries divide into many tiny branches called
Capillaries
From the capillaries the hearts blood supply flows into the
Cardiac Valves
From the cardiac veins, the heart’s blood supply flows into the
Coronary Sinus
From the coronary sinus the blood enters the
Right atrium
Trace the path of the blood as it flows to nourish the heart
From the heart to ascending aorta to right and left coronary arteries to heart capillaries to cardiac veins to coronary sinus to right atrium
The arch of the aorta contains three branches. The first and largest branch is called the
Innominate Artery
The second branch of the aortic arch is called the
Left Common carotid Artery
The third branch of the aortic arch is called the
Left Subclavian Artery
What are the three branches of the aortic arch, in order?
Innominate Artery, Left Common Carotid Artery, Left Subclavian Artery
The innominate artery divides into two branches. The branch going upward is called the
Right Common Carotid Artery
The second branch of the innominate artery extends toward the right arm, called the
Right Subclavian
Branching off both the right and left subclavian arteries and extending upward towards the head are the
Vertebral Arteries
The right vertebral artery comes from the
Right Subclavian Artery
The left vertebral artery comes from the
Left Subclavian Artery
The left subclavian arteries supply blood to the
Upper Extremities
At the outer border of the first rib the subclavian artery becomes the
Axillary Artery
After the subclavian passes the first rib, it is called the
Aaxillary Artery
After the axillary passes the axilla, it is called the
Brachial Artery
Just below the elbow, the brachial artery divides into two branches, called the
Radial and ulnar arteries
Both the radial and the ulnar arteries extend into the palm of the hand where they subdivide into the
Superficial and Deep Volar Arches
The superficial and deep volar arches extend into the
Digital Arteries
From the digital arteries the blood flows into
Arterioles and Capillaries
Trace the path of the blood from the heart to the capillaries of the left hand
Heart to ascending aorta to arch of the aorta to left subclavian artery to axillary artery to brachial artery to radial and ulnar arteries to superficial and deep volar arches to digital arteries to arterioles to capillaries
From the capillaries, the blood flows into the
Venules
The venules then carry the blood to the
Superficial and deep volar venous arches
The blood from the superficial volar venous arches flows into a network of superficial veins, known as the
Dorsal Venous Network of the hand
From the dorsal venous network, two large veins extend superficially upward, returning the blood towards the heart, known as the
Cephalic and Basilic Veins
This extends superficially from the dorsal venous network along the thumb side of the arm
Cephalic Vein
This extends superficially upward along the little finger side of the arm
Basilic Vein
The cephalic vein extends upward to empty into the
Axillary Vein
The basilic vein extends superficially upward and then joins the brachial vein to form the
Axillary Vein
The blood from the venules enters the
Superficial and deep volar venous arches
The superficial volar venous arches branch into the
Cephalic vein and Basilic Vein
The deep volar venous arches branch into the
Radial and Ulnar Veins
The radial and ulnar veins combine just below the elbow to form the
Brachial Vein
The Brachial vein extends upwards into the
Axillary Vein
The axillary vein also receives the blood flowing from the
Cephalic vein and Basilic vein (once joined with the brachial vein)
On the right side the axillary vein extends into the
Right Subclavian Vein
The left subclavian vein empties into the
Left Innominate Vein
The right and left innominate veins empty into the
Superior Vena Cava
The superior vena cava extends into the
Right Atrium of the Heart
Trace the path of the blood from the heart to the left hand and return
Left ventricle of heart, ascending aorta, left subclavian artery from arch of aorta, axillary artery, brachial artery, radial and ulnar arteries, superficial and deep volar arches, digital arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, superficial and deep volar arches, from superficial to dorsal venous network, to cephalic vein to axillary vein and from basilic vein to brachial vein to axillary vein, from depp volar to radial and ulnar veins, to brachial vein, to axillary vein, left subclavian vein, left innominate vein, superior vena cava, Right Atrium of the heart
From the first artery in the arch of the aorta is the
Innominate artery
The second artery in the arch of the aorta is the
Left Common Carotid
The third artery in the arch of the aorta is the
Left Subclavian
The innominate artery subdivides into the
Right Common Carotid and Right Subclavian
Each of the subclavian artery has an upward branch, called the
Vertebral Artery
These arteries extend upward and supply blood to the head and neck
Common Carotids and Vertebral
The common carotid arteries extend upward along the traches until they reach the upper border of the
Thyroid cartilage
At the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, the common carotids divide into the
External carotid and Internal Carotid Arteries
The external carotid arteries supply blood to the
Neck, face, mouth, jaws, and scalp
The internal carotid arteries supply blood to the
Brain, eyes, forehead, and nose
The first principal branch of the external carotid artery is the
Superior Thyroid Artery
The Superior Thyroid Artery supplies blood to the
Thyroid Gland
The second principal branch of the external carotid artery is the
Lingual Artery
The lingual artery leads to the
Tongue
The third branch off the external carotid artery is the
External Maxillary Artery
The external Maxillary Artery leads toward the
Face
The fourth principal branch of the External Carotid Artery is the
Occipital Artery
The occipital artery leads toward the
Scalp
After the occipital branch, the external carotid artery subdivides into two main branches
Superficial temporal and Internal Maxillary Arteries
The internal maxillary artery leads towards the
Deep structures of the face, towards the covering of the brain, and towards the teeth and jaws
The blood flows through all of these arteries into arterioles, into capillaries, into venules, and then finally two large veins, the
Posterior facial and posterior Auricular Vein
The posterior facial vein and the posterior auricular vein combine to form the
External jugular vein
The external jugular veins empty into the
Subclavian veins
The right external jugular vein empties into the
Right Subclavian Veins
The left external jugular vein empties into the
Left Subclavian Veins
The right and left subclavian veins empty into the
Right and left innominate veins
The right and left innominate veins combine to form the
Superior Vena Cava
The superior vena cava leads into the
Right Atrium of the heart
The brain is supplied with blood by means of the
Common Carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries
The right common carotid artery arises from the
Innominate artery and the left common carotid artery
The right and left vertebral arteries arise from the corresponding
Subclavian Arteries
The right and left vertebral arteries extend upwards to the base of the brain where they unit to form the
Basilar Artery
The basilar artery branches into the
Right and left posterior Cerebral Arteries
The right and left common carotid arteries extend upwards along the trachea until the reach the upper border of the thyroid cartilage where they subdivide into the
External and Internal Carotid Arteries
The first major branch of the internal carotid artery is the
Ophthalmic Artery
The ophthalmic artery carries blood to the
Eye
Other than the ophthalmic artery, where do the branches off the internal carotid artery go?
To the Brain
When the right and left internal carotid arteries reach the base of the brain they divide into several branches. The first branches are the
Posterior Communicating Arteries
The posterior communicating arteries lead to the corresponding
Posterior Cerebral Arteries
After giving off its first branch, the internal carotid artery subdivides into two parts, the
Anterior cerebral artery and Middle Cerebral artery
The right and left anterior cerebral arteries are connected by means of the
Anterior Communicating Artery
List the arteries involved in the Circle of Willis
Anterior Cerebrals Communicatings Middle Cerebrals Posterior Communicating Posterior Cerebrals Internal Carotids Vertebrals Basilar
The Circle of Willis is formed by the anterior cerebral arteries, which are branches of the
Internal Carotid Arteries
From the cerebral arteries, the blood flows to
All parts of the brain
From the brain, blood flows into the
Cerebral Veins
From the cerebral veins the blood flows into the various
Cranial Venous Sinuses
The uppermost of the cranial venous sinuses is the
Superior Sagittal Sinus
The superior Sagittal sinus connects with the
Straight Sinus
The superior sagittal sinus connects with the straight sinus to form the paired
Transverse Sinuses
Leading into the straight sinus is the
Inferior Sagittal Sinus
The paired transverse sinuses lead into the
Right and Left Internal Jugular Veins
The right internal jugular vein joins the right subclavian vein to form the
Right Innominate Vein
The left internal jugular vein joins the left subclavian vein to form the
Let Innominate Vein
The right and left innominate veins lead into the
Superior Vena Cava
The right and left innominate veins lead into the Superior Vena Cava which in turn leads into the
Right Atrium
Connecting with the straight sinus is the
Inferior Sagittal Sinus
As the aorta leaves the heart, the upward part is called the
Ascending aorta
As the aorta leaves the heart, the curved part is called the
Arch of the aorta
As the aorta leaves the heart, the descending part, down to the diaphragm, is called the
Thoracic Aorta
The thoracic aorta has many small branches which may be divided into two main groups,
Visceral and parietal arteries
These supply the blood to the viscera of the chest
Visceral Arteries
These supply the blood to the walls of the chest cavity
Parietal Arteries
The visceral arteries (3) branching from the thoracic aorta are the
Bronchial Arteries, Esophageal Arteries, and Pericardial Arteries
The parietal arteries branching from the thoracic aorta are the
Intercostal Arteries and Superior Phrenic arteries
The intercostal arteries lead to the
Skin and Muscles of the chest wall
The Superior phrenic arteries lead to the
Upper Surface of the Diaphragm
The blood flows from the thoracic aorta through the
Visceral and parietal arteries
The blood flows from the thoracic aorta through the visceral and parietal arteries, through the
Arterioles and capillaries
The blood flows from the thoracic aorta through the visceral and parietal arteries, through the arterioles and capillaries to the body parts and then into the
Venules and veins
From the upper surface of the diaphragm the blood flows into the
Superior Phrenic Veins
From the superior phrenic veins, the blood flows into the
Left Innominate vein
The blood flows from the pericardium through the
`Pericardial Veins
The blood flows from the esophagus through the
Esophageal Veins
Both the esophageal veins and the pericardial veins empty into the
Left innominate Vein
The blood flows to the bronchi through the
Bronchial arteries
The blood flows from the bronchi through the
Bronchial Veins
The blood flows to the muscles and skin of the chest wall through the
Intercostal arteries
The blood flows from the muscles and skin of the chest wall through the
intercostal Veins
The blood flows from the bronchial veins and from the intercostal veins through the
Azygos Vein
From the azygos vein, the blood flows into the
Superior Vena Cava
Trace the flow of blood from the heart to the esophagus and return
From heart to ascending aorta to arch of aorta to thoracic aorta to esophageal arteries to esophagus to esophageal veins to left innominate vein to superior vena cava to heart
As the blood leaves the heart it flows into the
Ascending aorta and then the arch of the aorta
From the arch of the aorta blood flows into the
Thoracic aorta
The thoracic aorta extends down to the
Diaphragm
Below the diaphragm, the blood enters the
Abdominal Aorta
The first group of arteries extending from the abdominal aorta are the
Inferior Arteries
The inferior Phrenic Arteries lead to the
Under Surface of the Diaphragm
The blood flows from the inferior phrenic veins to the
Inferior Vena Cava
After the inferior phrenic arteries, the next artery extending from the abdominal aorta is the
Celiac Artery
The Celiac artery subdivides into
Three branches
The three branches of the celiac artery are the
Left Gastric Artery
Hepatic Artery
Splenic Artery
The left gastric artery leads to parts of the
Stomach and esophagus
The splenic artery extends to the
Pancreas, spleen, and parts of the stomach
The hepatic artery supplies blood directly to the
Liver
The hepatic artery gives off three branches
Right gastric artery
Gastroduodenal artery
Cystic artery
All of the blood coming from the celiac artery, except for the branch from the hepatic artery, flows to the indicated parts of the digestive system through the proper arteries and from there through the corresponding veins and then empties into the
Portal vein
The portal vein carries blood to the
Liver
From the liver, the blood flows into the
Hepatic Veins
From the hepatic veins, the blood flows into the
Inferior Vena Cava
The first branches of the abdominal aorta are the
Inferior Phrenic Arteries
The second branch of the abdominal aorta are the
Celiac Artery
After the celiac artery, the next branch of the abdominal aorta is the
Superior mesenteric artery
The superior mesenteric artery leads to the
Small intestine and half of the large intestine
This extends from the abdominal aorta to the other half of the large intestine
The Inferior Mesenteric Artery
The vein receiving the blood flowing from the inferior mesenteric artery is the
Inferior mesenteric Vein
From the inferior mesenteric vein, the blood flows into the
Splenic Vein
The blood flowing from the digestive organs flows into the
Portal Veins
Along the abdominal aorta, just below the superior mesenteric artery, there are two branches
Right and left renal arteries
The Renal arteries carry the blood to the
Kidneys
The renal veins empty into the
Inferior Vena Cava
Just above the renal arteries are the
Suprarenal Arteries
The Suprarenal arteries lead to the Suprarenal glands, also known as
Adrenal Glands
From the left suprarenal vein, the blood flows into the
Left Renal Vein
From the left renal vein the blood flows into the
Inferior Vena Cava
The right suprarenal vein empties directly into the
Inferior vena Cava
Another part of the arteries arising form the abdominal aorta at a point below the renal arteries are the
Spermatic or Ovarian Arteries
Both the left spermatic vein and the left ovarian vein empty into the
Left Renal Vein
The blood flows from the left renal vein into the
Inferior Vena Cava
The blood flowing from the right spermatic vein or the right ovarian vein flows directly into the
Inferior Vena Cava
Just below the spermatic or ovarian arteries on the abdominal aorta are the
Lumbar arteries
The lumbar arteries extend to the
Muscles of the skin and abdominal wall, lumbar vertebra, and the spinal cord
The lumbar veins empty into the
Inferior Vena Cava
Just above the end of the abdominal aorta is the
Middle Sacral Artery
The Middle Sacral Artery extends to the
Sacrumand coccyx
This receives blood flowing from the sacrum and coccyx
Middle Sacral Vein
From the middle sacral vein, the blood flows into th
Inferior vena cava
At its lower end, the abdominal aorta divides into two branches
Right and Left Common Iliac Arteries
The right and left common iliac arteries divide into the
External iliac and hypogastric arteries
What supplies blood to the pelvis?
Hypogastric Artery
The hypogastric Artery supplies blood to the
Pelvis
The hypogastric veins empty into the
Common iliac veins
The common iliac veins empty into the
Inerior Vena Cava
This artery carries the blood from the hepatic artery to the stomach and duodenum
Gastroduodenal
From the stomach and duodenum, the blood flows into the
Gastroduodenal ein
At its terminal end, the abdominal aorta divide into the
Right and left common iliac arteries
Each common iliac artery subdivides into the
External iliac and hypogastric artery
The external iliac arteries extend to the
Lower extremeties
The external iliac artery extends towards the thigh where it is called the
Femoral Artery
At the back of the knee, the femoral artery becomes the
Popliteal Artery
The common iliac artery divides into these
External Iliac and Hypogastric Arteries
Just below the knee, the popliteal artery subdivides into the
Anterior and Posterior Tibial arteries
The anterior tibial artery continues along the anterior part of the leg to the ankle joint where it becomes the
Dorsalis Pedis Artery
From the dorsalis pedis artery, the blood flows to the
Plantar Arch of the foot
The posterior tibial artery extends along the back of the leg to the ankle. Just below the knee, it gives off one large branch, the
Peroneal Artery
At the ankle the posterior tibial artery divides into the
Medial and lateral plantar arteries
The medial and lateral plantar arteries form the plantar arch which also receives blood from the
Dosalis Pedis
From the plantar arch, the blood flows to all parts of the ____ through small arterteries, arterioles, and capillaries
Foot
The blood returning from the foot flows into the venules of the foot and then the
Dorsal Venous Arch
From the dorsal venous arch the blood flows either through
Superficial or deep set of veins
The blood flows from the venules into the dorsal venous arch and then, superficially, into the
Small saphenous or great saphenous vein
Where is the small saphenous vein located
Along the back of the leg
Where is the great saphenous vein located
Along the medial side of the leg
The small saphenous vein empties into the
Deep Popliteal Vein
From the dorsalis pedis vein, the blood flows into the
Anterior Tibial Vein
The medial and lateral plantar veins empty into the
Posterior Tibial Vein
The femoral vein empties into the
External Iliac Vein
The femoral vein empties into the external iliac vein which in turn empties into the
Common Iliac Vein
The common iliac veins empty into the
Inferior Vena Cava