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MORS 200 - Sciences > Chemistry Glossary > Flashcards

Chemistry Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

A group of chemicals used in addition to vascular and cavity embalming fluids; most are applied to the body surface

A

Accessory Chemicals

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2
Q

A substance that yields hydrogen or hydronium ions in a/an water (aqueous) solution

A

Acid (Arrhenius)

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3
Q

A substance that donates a proton

A

Acid (Bronsted-Lowry)

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4
Q

A substance that accepts a pair of electrons

A

Acid (Lewis)

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5
Q

A wax-like material produced by saponification of body fat in a body buried in alkaline soil

A

Adipocere AKA Grave Wax

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6
Q

Ag

A

Silver

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7
Q

Al

A

Aluminum

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8
Q

-AL

A

Suffix for an aldehyde

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9
Q

The predecessor of chemistry, had its roots in ancient Egypt. The Greeks named Egypt Kemi, because of the rich black soil

A

Alchemy

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10
Q

An organic compound containing one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups. General formula for monohydroxyl alcohol is R-OH, where R is a hydrocarbon group

A

Alcohol

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11
Q

An organic compound containing one or more -CHO groups. The general formula is RCHO where R is a hydrocarbon group of hydrogen

A

Aldehyde

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12
Q

A sugar in which the functional groups are hydroxyl groups (-OH) and an aldehyde group (-CHO)

A

Aldose

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13
Q

Pertaining to any member of one of the two major groups of organic compounds, those having straight or branch chain structures

A

Aliphatic

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14
Q

A saturated hydrocarbon; a hydrocarbon that has no carbon carbon multiple bonds; formerly called the paraffin series

A

Alkane

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15
Q

A hydrocarbon containing a double bond

A

Alkene

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16
Q

A hydrocarbon containing a triple bond

A

Alkyne

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17
Q

A monovalent radical of the general formula CnH2n+1 formed when an alkane loses one hydrogen atom

A

Alkyl Group

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18
Q

An aliphatic hydrocarbon with one or more halogen atoms attached

A

Alkyl Halide

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19
Q

The existence of an element in two or more distinct forms

A

Allotropism

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20
Q

Any compound containing nitrogen; any group of compounds formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals. The general formula for primary _____ is R-NH2

A

Amine

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21
Q

The building blocks or proteins; a compound containing an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl (-COOH) group, and a radical

A

Amino Acid

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22
Q

A compound that can act as both an acid and a base

A

Amphoteric

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23
Q

A negatively charged atom or group of atoms

A

Anion

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24
Q

Used to keep the blood in the liquid state; chemicals that retard the tendency of blood to become more viscous by natural postmortem processes and/or prevent any other adverse reactions from occurring between the blood and the other embalming chemicals

A

Anticoagulants

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25
Q

A solution in which water is the solvent

A

Aqueous Solution

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26
Q

Any compound containing a resonance stabilized ring such as benzene or toluene

A

Aromatic

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27
Q

The concentrated, preservative embalming chemical that will be diluted with water to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming

A

Arterial Fluid

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28
Q

As

A

Arsenic

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29
Q

The smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of the element

A

Atom

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30
Q

Au

A

Gold

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31
Q

Self digestion or self-destruction of the body by autolytic enzymes

A

Autolysis

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32
Q

Those chemicals specifically designed for use in the preparation of bodies that have been autopsied

A

Autopsy Chemicals

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33
Q

A substance that yields hydroxide ions in aqueous solution

A

Base (Arrhenius)

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34
Q

A substance that accepts a proton

A

Base (Bronsted-Lowry)

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35
Q

A substance that donates a pair of electrons

A

Base (Lewis)

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36
Q

A mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides. It and several very similar mixtures are used in the embalming laboratory in solutions for sterilization of instruments

A

Benzalkonium Chloride

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37
Q

That branch of chemistry dealing with compounds produced by living organisms

A

Biochemistry

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38
Q

The rapid passage of liquid particles to the vapor state by forming bubbles

A

Boiling

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39
Q

A very mild antiseptic added to embalming fluid. It helps regulate the acid-base balance

A

Boric Acid

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40
Q

Br

A

Bromine

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41
Q

Substances that in solution are capable of neutralizing, within limits, both acids and bases and thereby maintaining the original, or a constant pH, of the solution

A

Buffers

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42
Q

Ca

A

Calcium

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43
Q

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water to one degree C at 15 degrees C

A

Calorie (c)

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44
Q

A compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is an aldehyde or ketone derivative of a polyhydroxyl alcohol (Ex. sugars, starches, glycogen)

A

Carbohydrate

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45
Q

A chemical group composed of one carbon atom double bonded to oxygen

A

Carbonyl Group

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46
Q

An organic compound containing the carboxyl group (-COOH)

A

Carboxylic Acid (Organic Acid)

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47
Q

A positively charged atom or group of atoms

A

Cation

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48
Q

A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction but undergoes no net change itself during the reaction

A

Catalyst

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49
Q

Concentrated embalming chemicals that are injected into the cavities of the body following aspiration in cavity embalming. These fluids can also be used for surface and hypodermic embalming fo the problem areas

A

Cavity Fluids

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50
Q

Cd

A

Cadmium

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51
Q

The temperature scale defined so that the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and its boiling point is 100 degrees at 1 atmosphere of pressure

A

Celsius Temperature

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52
Q

One hundredth of a meter

A

Cenitmeter

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53
Q

prefix for 1/100th

A

Centi

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54
Q

A greek word that means an infusion which literally means poured into

A

Chemia

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55
Q

One in which a new substance or substances are produced that have entirely different properties from the original substance because the chemical composition has changed

A

Chemical Change

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56
Q

A characteristic that can be observed when a substance is interacting with other substances resulting in change in chemical composition

A

Chemical Properties

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57
Q

The branch of natural science that is concerned with the description and classification of matter, with the changes that matter undergoes, and with the energy associated with each of these changes

A

Chemistry

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58
Q

Cl

A

Chlorine

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59
Q

The process of converting soluble protein to insoluble protein by heating or by contact with a chemical such as an alcohol or an aldehyde

A

Coagulation

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60
Q

A solution like system in which the size of solute particles is between 1 and 100 nanometers. Particles of solute pass through filters but not membranes

A

Colloid

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61
Q

The rapid oxidation or burning that produces heat and light

A

Combustion

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62
Q

A substance consisting of two or more atoms combined chemically in definite proportions by mass

A

Compound

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63
Q

A lipid whose hydrolytic products are fatty acids, an alcohol, and other substances

A

Compound Lipid

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64
Q

A solution containing a relatively large amount of solute

A

Concentrated Solution

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65
Q

The ratio of the mass or volume of a solute to the mass or volume of the solution or solvent

A

Concentration

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66
Q

A change of state of matter from a gas to a liquid

A

Condensation

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67
Q

A chemical bond in which a paid of electrons is shared between two atoms

A

Covalent Bond

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68
Q

Cu

A

Copper

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69
Q

Same as a millilieter

A

Cubic Centimeter

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70
Q

The process by which a substance is given a definite form

A

Crystallization

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71
Q

The removal of an amino (-NH2) group from a compound

A

Deamination

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72
Q

The removal of a carboxyl (-COOH) group from a compound

A

Decarboxylation

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73
Q

The gradual decomposition of dead or organic matter by the enzymes of aerobic bacteria

A

Decay

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74
Q

The prefix for 1/10th

A

Deci

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75
Q

The same as one tenth of a meter

A

Decimeter

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76
Q

The prefix for ten

A

Deka

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77
Q

The removal of water from a substance

A

Dehydration (Desiccation)

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78
Q

The disruption and breakdown of the secondary structure of a protein by heat or chemicals

A

Denaturation

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79
Q

The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume

A

Density

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80
Q

Chemicals having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one

A

Deodorants (Historically Reodorants)

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81
Q

An organic compound containing two aldehyde (-CHO) radicals

A

Dialdehyde

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82
Q

An ion composed of two atoms

A

Diatomic Ion

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83
Q

The movement of molecules or other particles in solution from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration until uniform concentration is reached

A

Diffusion

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84
Q

An alcohol containing two hydroxyl groups

A

Dihydroxyl Alcohol

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85
Q

A solution containing relatively small amount of solute

A

Dilute Solution

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86
Q

A carbohydrate formed by the linking of two monosaccharide units

A

Disaccharide

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87
Q

Natural or synthetic matter that is used to impart color to another material

A

Dye

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88
Q

A subatomic particle with a negative electrical charge and a mass that is 1/1,857 that of a proton. Found outside the nucleus of an atom

A

Electron

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89
Q

A simple substance which cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means

A

Element

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90
Q

The study of chemical post-mortem changes, the composition of embalming fluids and the interactions between each

A

Embalming Chemistry

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91
Q

The fluids specifically designed for preservation and disinfection purposes

A

Embalming Fluids

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92
Q

The act of mixing two insoluble liquids

A

Emulsifications

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93
Q

A mixture of two insoluble liquids, one being dispersed throughout the other in small droplets

A

Emulsion

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94
Q

A chemical reaction that absorbs or requires heat from its surroundings

A

Endothermic Reaction

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95
Q

The ability of a system or material to do work

A

Energy

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96
Q

A red dye derived from the action of bromine on fluorescein. Very commonly used in arterial fluids

A

Eosin

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97
Q

A combination of chemical symbols and formulas used as a shorthand way to represent the reactants and products in a chemical change

A

Chemical Equation

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98
Q

A compound with the general formula RCOOR1 where R is a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen, and R1 is a hydrocarbon group. It is formed from an alcohol and organic (carboxylic) acid by removal of water (dehydration)

A

Ester

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99
Q

A solvent and a disinfectant in embalming fluid. Noted for its ability to dehydrate tissue

A

Ethanol

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100
Q

Any organic compound with the general formula ROR1 where R and R1 are hydrocarbon groups, formed by dehydration between two alcohols

A

Ether

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101
Q

A chemical reaction that releases or gives off heat

A

Exothermic Reaction

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102
Q

F

A

Fluorine

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103
Q

A common name for a triaclyglycerol that is a semisolid or solid at room temperature and contains a high percentage of saturated fatty acids

A

Fat

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104
Q

Fe

A

Iron

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105
Q

The microbial (enzymatic) decomposition of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions

A

Fermentation

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106
Q

A preservative found in embalming fluid. Also a disinfectant. Reacts with proteins, causing them to become firm and more resistant to bacteria. Inhibits autolytic emzymes. A gas at room temperature

A

Formaldehyde

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107
Q

Formaldehyde gas dissolved in water

A

Formalin

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108
Q

A combination of symbols used to express the chemical composition of a substance

A

Formula

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109
Q

A change of state of matter from a liquid to a solid

A

Freezing

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110
Q

A specific atom or group of atoms that is attached to a carbon atom in an organic compound and that imparts an identifiable chemical behavior to the compound

A

Functional Group

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111
Q

A state of matter in which the atoms or molecules move about in almost complete freedom from one another. Have no definite shape or volume and assume the shape and volume of their container

A

Gas

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112
Q

A formula that denotes a class of compounds and includes the functional group and a symbol (R) denoting a Radical

A

General Formulas

113
Q

A simple sugar with a molecular formula of C6H12O6

A

Glucose

114
Q

A preservative found in embalming fluid
Contains two aldehyde groups on every molecule
Dialdehyde
Combines with proteins in such a way as to make them very resistant to attack by bacteria
Inhibits the enzymes which causes autolysis
Used in several arterial and cavity fluids
A liquid at room temperature

A

Glutaraldehyde

115
Q

A modifying agent
Thick liquid often added to embalming fluids
Its purpose is to increase the solubility of various compounds, to delay the firming action of HCHO, and to serve as a humectant

A

Glycerol (Glycerin)

116
Q

An animal starch made by forming chains of alpha glucose molecules

A

Glycogen

117
Q

The condition of water which results from dissolved minerals and metallic ions such as calcium and magnesium

A

Hardness of Water

118
Q

H

A

Hydrogen

119
Q

He

A

Helium

120
Q

Prefix for 100

A

Hecto

121
Q

An iron-containing protein molecule occurring in red blood cells of vertebrates

A

Hemoglobin

122
Q

Consisting of or composed of dissimilar elements of components; not having a uniform quality throughout

A

Heterogeneous

123
Q

A six carbon sugar molecule

A

Hexose

124
Q

Hg

A

Mercury

125
Q

A sample of matter with uniform composition

A

Homogenous

126
Q

Chemicals that increase the capability of embalmed tissues to retain moisture

A

Humectants

127
Q

A compound in which there is a chemical union between water and certain substances when they crystallize

A

Hydrate

128
Q

An organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen

A

Hydrocarbon

129
Q

A chemical reaction in which a substance is broken down or dissociated by water; a reaction between a salt and water to yield an acid and a base of unequal strengths

A

Hydrolysis

130
Q

A univalent radical and the functional group of the basic compounds in inorganic chemistry and the alcohols in organic chemistry

A

Hydroxyl (The Hydroxyl Group) -OH

131
Q

A solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

A

Hypertonic Solution

132
Q

A solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

A

Hypotonic Solution

133
Q

I

A

Iodine

134
Q

The swelling and softening of tissues and organs as a result of absorbing moisture from adjacent sources

A

Imbibition

135
Q

The strength of embalming fluids indicated by the number of grams of pure formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100mL of solution.
Usually refers to a percentage

A

Index

136
Q

The tendency of a body to resist change in motion

A

Inertia

137
Q

That branch of chemistry that studies the properties and reactions of elements excluding organic or certain carbon-containing compounds

A

Inorganic Chemistry

138
Q

An atomic or molecular species with a positive or negative electrical charge

A

Ion

139
Q

The dissociation of a substance in solution into ions

A

Ionization

140
Q

The possession by two or more distinct compounds of the same molecular formula, each molecule having the same number of atoms of each element, but in a different arrangement

A

Isomerism

141
Q

A solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute as the solution to which it is compared

A

Isotonic Solution

142
Q

K

A

Potassium

143
Q

The base SI unit of temperature equal to 1/273.15 the absolute temperature of the triple point of water

A

Kelvin

144
Q

Any of a class of organic compounds containing the carbonyl group (c=O) whose carbon atom is joined to two other carbon atoms; the carbonyl group occurs withint the carbon chain

A

Ketone

145
Q

A sugar whose functional groups are hydroxyl (-OH) groups and a ketone (c=O) group

A

Ketose

146
Q

Prefix for 1,000

A

Kilo

147
Q

1000 grams. Basic unit of mass in the metric system

A

Kilogram

148
Q

Energy of body by virtue of its motion

A

Kinetic Energy

149
Q

In any chemical or physical change, energy is neither created nor destroyed but merely transformed from one form to another

A

Law of Conservation of Energy

150
Q

In any chemical or physical change, mass is neither created nor destroyed, but merely changed in form

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

151
Q

The amount of a poison (or radiation) that will kill 50% of the group to which it has been administered

A

Lethal Dose 50%

152
Q

Formula used to conserve space over a structural formula

A

Line Formula

153
Q

Conversion of a solid or gas into a liquid form as a result of a physical or chemical change

A

Liquefication

154
Q

A substance that flows readily but does not tend to expand indefinitely

A

Liquid

155
Q

Standard unit of volume in the metric system

A

Liter

156
Q

An inorganic salt added to embalming fluid to help preserve the acid-base balance, to keep blood from clotting, and in some instances, for hypertonic effect

A

Magnesium Sulfate (Epsom Salts)

157
Q

The quantity of matter present in an object

A

Mass

158
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass

A

Matter

159
Q

The prefix for one million

A

Mega

160
Q

The change of state from a solid to a liquid

A

Melting

161
Q

An element marked by luster, malleability, ductility, and conductivity of electricity and heat. Metallic elements tend to form positive ions

A

Metal

162
Q

A chemical reaction in which an element or radical in one compound exchanges places with another element or radical in another compound

A

Metathesis Reaction

163
Q

The standard metric unit for length

A

Meter

164
Q

All embalming fluids will contain some of this since it is so cloasely associated with the manufacture of formalin. Some contain extra because it stabilizes formalin and is both a solvent and a germicide

A

Methanol
Methyl Alcohol
Wood Alcohol

165
Q

Mg

A

Magnesium

166
Q

Prefix for 1/1,000,000th

A

Micro

167
Q

The same as one millionth of a meter

A

Micrometer

168
Q

The prefix for 1/1000th

A

Milli

169
Q

The same as one thousandth of a liter

A

Milliliter

170
Q

A combination of two or more substances not chemically united and in no definite proportion by mass

A

Mixture

171
Q

The smallest dose of a poison (or radiation) on record that produces death

A

Minimum Lethal Dose (MLD)

172
Q

Chemicals for which there may be greatly varying demands predicated upon the type of embalming, the environment, and the arterial fluid to be used

A

Modifying Agents

173
Q

A chemical formula expressing the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of a substance, without indicating how they are linked

A

Molecular Formula

174
Q

The smallest unit of a compound which can exist alone; an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical of two or more atoms which form a specific chemical substance

A

Molecule

175
Q

A charged entity consisting of only a single atom

A

Monatomic Ion

176
Q

An alcohol with only one hydroxyl ion

A

Monohydroxy Alcohol

177
Q

N

A

Nitrogen

178
Q

Na

A

Sodium

179
Q

Concerned with the composition of a particular kind of matter, the forces holding its parts together, and its observable properties

A

Nature of Matter

180
Q

A very dense, small, positively charged center of an atom that contains most of the mass of the atom in the form of protons and neutrons

A

Necleus

181
Q

The reaction of an acid and a base to produce a salt and water

A

Neutralization

182
Q

A neutral subatomic particle with a mass similar to that of a proton. Normally found in the nucleus of an atom

A

Neutron

183
Q

Any element which is not a metal. Nonmetals tend to form negative ions

A

Nonmetal

184
Q

O

A

Oxygen

185
Q

A common name for a triacylglycerol that is a liquid at room temperature and contains a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids

A

Oil

186
Q

-OL

A

Suffix for an alcohol

187
Q

That branch of chemistry that deals with certain carbon-containing compounds

A

Organic Chemistry

188
Q

The passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser solute concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane which selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules, but is permeable to the solvent

A

Osmosis

189
Q

The combination of a substance with oxygen; an increase in oxidation number; a loss of electrons

A

Oxidation

190
Q

A number used to represent the number of electrons lost, gained, or shared in a chemical change

A

Oxidation Number

191
Q

A compound consisting of oxygen combined with only one other element

A

Oxide

192
Q

A method for expressing low concentrations

A

Parts Per Million (PPM)

193
Q

A polymer of formaldehyde that exists as a solid. Almost pure formaldehyde.
Insoluble, so it cannot be used in embalming fluids
Most commonly used in the powdered preservative compositions such as hardening compounds and embalming powder

A

Paraformaldehyde

194
Q

Pb

A

Lead

195
Q

A five carbon sugar

A

Pentose

196
Q

A bond formed from a dehydration reaction between the amino group on one amino acid with the carboxyl (organic acid) group on the other amino acid

A

Peptide Bond

197
Q

The tabular arrangement of the elements in order of increasing atomic number so that the columns of elements represent the periodic recurrence of elements with similar properties

A

Periodic Table

198
Q

Water hardness that cannot be removed by boiling. The addition of chemicals must be used. Permanent hardness is cause by the chloride and sulfate salts of calcium and magnesium

A

Permanent Hardness of Water

199
Q

The measure of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

A

pH

200
Q

An aromatic alcohol and is an excellent disinfectant. Penetrates tissues very well and bleaches tissue where required such as surface discoloration

A

Phenol

201
Q

A change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition

A

Physical Change

202
Q

Properties of a substance that are observed without a change in chemical composition, which include color, odor, taste, solubility, density, hardness, melting point, and boiling point

A

Physical Properties

203
Q

A calcium sulfate often found in hardening compound as a filler that promotes hardening

A

Plaster of Paris

204
Q

Any substance that imperils health or life when absorbed into the body

A

Poison

205
Q

A group of that acts as a unit and possesses a charge

A

Polyatomic Ion

206
Q

Those alcohols having more than one hydroxyl group

A

Polyhydroxyl Alcohol

207
Q

A large molecule made by linking together a number of monomers, or basic chemical units

A

Polymer

208
Q

The linking together of monomers or basic chemical units to form a polymer

A

Polymerization

209
Q

A polymer made by linking together a number of simple sugar molecules. Staches and cellulose

A

Polysaccharide

210
Q

The nitrate ions are converted by bacteria to nitrite ions which react with hemoglobin to form nitrous-hemoglobin giving the skin a reddish color

A

Potassium Nitrate

211
Q

Energy that is stored

A

Potential Energy

212
Q

A deposit of an insoluble or very slightly soluble solid substance in solution

A

Precipitate

213
Q

Fluids whose purpose is to clear the vascular system of blood and enable the arterial solution to distribute with greater facility

A

Pre-Injection Fluids

214
Q

Components of embalming solutions used to inactivate the active chemical groups of proteins and amino acids; to inhibit decomposition; to kill microorganisms; destroy odors and to eliminate their further formation; and to inactivate enzymes

A

Preservatives

215
Q

The force per unit area exerted on a material

A

Pressure

216
Q

An alcohol in which the hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached to a carbon that is attached to no more than one other carbon

A

Primary Alcohol

217
Q

Characteristics by which substances may be identified

A

Properties

218
Q

A biological compound that is a polymer of many amino acids

A

Protein

219
Q

A subatomic particle normally found in the nucleus of an atom. Has a relative mass number of 1 and an electrical charge or +1

A

Proton

220
Q

The decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria

A

Putrefaction

221
Q

Surface active agents that are usually used for disinfection of skin, oral, and nasal cavities and instruments

A

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

222
Q

Ra

A

Radium

223
Q

A decrease in oxidation number; a gain of electrons; a combination of a substance with hydrogen

A

Reduction

224
Q

Supplemental fluids may be separate fluids of ones enhancing arterial fluids by the addition of special chemicals such as humectants

A

Restorative Fluids

225
Q

Any group of substances that result from the reaction between acids and bases other than water

A

Salt

226
Q

The reaction between a fat and a strong base to produce glycerol and the salt of a fatty acid (soap)

A

Saponification

227
Q

A hydrocarbon which contains only single bonds

A

Saturated Hydrocarbon

228
Q

A solution containing all of the solute the solvent is able to hold at a certain temperature and pressure

A

Saturated Solution

229
Q

An alcohol in which the hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached to a carbon that is attached to two other carbons

A

Secondary Alcohol

230
Q

The injection taking place after initial, primary, or first injection

A

Secondary Injection

231
Q

A compound whose hydrolytic products are fatty acids and alcohols

A

Simple Lipid

232
Q

A reaction in which a single free element replaces or is substituted for one of the elements in a compounds
A + BC ——-> B + AC

A

Single Replacement REaction

233
Q

Sn

A

Tin

234
Q

Used to maintain the acid-base balance. Carbonates reduce graying action for formaldehyde action

A

Sodium Bicarbonate and Sodium Chloride

235
Q

Often used as a water conditioner and for its anticoagulant action in arterial fludis

A

Sodium Citrate

236
Q

An example of a wetting agent (surfactant) added to embalming fluids to increase penetrability

A

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

237
Q

An inorganic salt used to maintain the acid-base balance

A

Sodium Phosphate

238
Q

An alkaline compound often found in arterial fluids to minimize graying action of HCHO yet will not deactivate it. Also inhibits blood clotting

A

Sodium Tetra Borate (Borax)

239
Q

The condensed state of matter having a definite shape and volume

A

Solid

240
Q

`The conversion of a liquid or a gas into a solid form

A

Solidification

241
Q

The measure of how well two substances mix

A

Solubility

242
Q

A substance dissolved in solvent to form a solution; the component of a solution present in a lesser amount

A

Solute

243
Q

A homogeneous mixture of one or more substances (solutes) dissolved in a sufficient quantity of solvent

A

Solution

244
Q

The process of dissolving

A

Solvation

245
Q

A substance which does the dissolving in a solution; the component of a solution present in a greater amount

A

Solvent

246
Q

A polyhydric alcohol that is used as a modifying agent as well as for its humectant qualities

A

Sorbitol

247
Q

A ratio of densities with water as the standard

A

Specific Gravity

248
Q

A physical property of matter

Condition of the physical composition of a substance at a given temperature and pressure

A

State of Matter

249
Q

A chemical formula showing the spatial arrangement of the atoms and the linkage of every atom

A

Structural Formula

250
Q

A physical change of state during which a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas

A

Sublimation

251
Q

Additional germicides added to embalming fluids

A

Supplementary Germicides

252
Q

The material upon which an enzyme works

A

Substrate

253
Q

The force that acts on the surface of a liquid and tends to minimize surface area

A

Surface Tension

254
Q

Chemicals that will reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid and thereby enable it to flow through smaller apertures

A

Surfactants
Surface Tension Reducers
Wetting Agents
Penetrating Agents

255
Q

A mixture of a solute and a solvent in which the size of the solute particle is greater than 100 nanometers. Particles of solute do not pass through filters or membranes

A

Suspension

256
Q

Abbreviation for an element

A

Symbol

257
Q

Means by which heat and cold are expressed. Means to measure how hot or cold a substance is

A

Temperature Scale

258
Q

Temporary hardness can be removed by boiling and is due to the presence of the bicarbonate salts of calcium and magnesium

A

Temporary Hardness of Water

259
Q

An alcohol in which the hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached to a carbon that is in turn attached to three other carbones

A

Tertiary Alcohol

260
Q

The study of those physical and chemical changes in the human body that are cause by the process of death

A

Thanatochemistry

261
Q

A chemical compound similar to an alcohol, in which the oxygen of the hydroxyl group is replaced by a sulfur atom (-SH)

A

Thioalcohol (Mercaptan)

262
Q

A poisonous substance produced by higher plants, animals, or pathogenic bacteria that is toxic to humans

A

Toxin

263
Q

Type of lipid that is formed by the reaction of three fatty acid molecules and glycerol.

A

Triacylglycerol
Triglycerides
Neutral Fats

264
Q

An alcohol having three hydroxyl groups (Eg Glycerol)

A

Trihydroxy Alcohol

265
Q

Homogenous mixture of two or more substances able to pass through semi-permeable membrane. The size of the true solute particles is less than one nanometer

A

True Solution

266
Q

An expression of the fixed ratio between carbon and hydrogen in hydrocarbons

A

Type Formula

267
Q

An organic compound containing only carbon and hydrogen that has one or more double or more triple bonds between two carbon atoms

A

Unsaturated Hydrocarbon

268
Q

A solution containing less of the solute than can be held in solution by the solvent

A

Unsaturated Solution

269
Q

The neutralization product of formaldehyde by ammonia

A

Urotropin (Methenamine)

C6H12N4

270
Q

A gas, especially the gaseous form of a substance that at ordinary temperature is a liquid or solid

A

Vapor

271
Q

The physical change from a liquid into a gas

A

Vaporization

272
Q

Liquids that serve as solvents for the numerous ingredients incorporated into embalming fluids

A

Vehicles

273
Q

The resistance that a liquid exhibits to the flow of one layer over another arising from the molecular attraction between the molecules of a liquid

A

Viscosity

274
Q

Having the quality of being easily converted at a relatively low temperature from the liquid to the gaseous state

A

Volatile

275
Q

A type of lipid formed from the combination of unsaturated and/or saturated fatty acids and high molecular weight alcohols (not glycerol)

A

Wax

276
Q

The measure of the gravitational pull on an object

A

Weight

277
Q

Zn

A

Zinc

278
Q

A protein that acts as a biological catalyst

A

Enzyme

MORS 200 - Sciences (25 decks)

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