Microbiology - Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 5 types of pathogenic micro-organism:

A

Virus
Fungi
Bacteria
Prions
Parasites

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2
Q

What are the 7 common specimen types collected for culture?

A

Urine samples
Sputum
Throat swabs
Blood culture
Stool sample
CSF sample
Pus/tissue sample

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3
Q

Whi is mid-stream urine sampled?

A

To confirm UTIs

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4
Q

Why is sputum sampled?

A

To determine a chest infection

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5
Q

Why are throat swabs taken?

A

To culture to check for tonsilitis/pharyngitis

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6
Q

Why are swabs around an infected wound taken?

A

To detemrine the type of infection

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7
Q

Why is a blood culture taken?

A

To assess for bacteraemia

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8
Q

Why is a CSF sample cultured?

A

To check for meningitis

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9
Q

When is a stool sample taken for culture?

A

When theres diarahhoea

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10
Q

What is the role of microscopy in bacterial infection diagnosis?

A

Microscopy stains & wuickly detects bacteria in samples.
t doesnt allow for identification & is insensitive

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11
Q

Whats the role of cultures in bacterial infection diagnosis?

A

Allows identification of the strain of a bacterial infection to tailor treatment,

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12
Q

How is a bacterial sample cultured?

A

Bacteria is grown overnight on a specific medium so after incubation the colonies are visivle to the naked eye

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13
Q

What makes a site sterile?

A

Normally it will contain no micro-organisms, commensal or not.

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14
Q

What are examples of sterile sites?

A

Blood
CSF
Bladder
Lungs

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15
Q

What makes a non-sterile site?

A

Can contain commensal microbes that may not harm the body.

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16
Q

Examples of non-sterile sites?

A

Skin
Nasopharynx
Urethra
gut

17
Q

How are viruses diagnosed?

A

By antigen detection & nucleic acid amplification.

18
Q

What is used to determine immunity to viruses?

A

Serology

19
Q

Define Serology

A

The study of blood serum particularly with regards to immune responses to pathogens or introduced substances.