Bacteria - Intro Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 characteristics are used to identify bacteria?

A

Size
Shape
growth requirments
staining characteristics

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2
Q

What shape are cocci?

A

Spherical

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3
Q

What shape are bacilli?

A

Rod-shaped

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4
Q

How can you tell between gram negative & gram positive bacteria?

A

Gram negative are pink/red

Gram postive are purple

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5
Q

What do gram postivie bacteria have that gram negative dont?

A

A thick peptodoglycan layer (in gram negative its very thin) in thier cell wall.

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6
Q

What do gram negative bacteria have that gram postive dont?

A

A second periplasmic space
An outer membrane made from lipopolysaccharide & protein)

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7
Q

What do penicillin binding proteins in bacterial cells do?

A

They are enzymes that produce peptidoglycans

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8
Q

What is the make up & function of peptidoglycans in a bacterial cell?

A
  • Strength & shape to the cell
  • Carb polymers cross linked to amino acids.
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9
Q

What is LPS?

A

Lipopolysaccharide
An endotoxin
A component of the gram negative cell wall

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10
Q

What are flagellum & whats their function?

A

Thread like appendages that enable motility of the cell
(think microscopic whip)

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11
Q

What are fimbraie & thier function?

A

a series of threadlike appendages forming a fringe.
function-adherence

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12
Q

How are differnent bacterial strains identified?

A

By DNA typing techniques

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13
Q

What part of a bacteriums name denotes the GEnus?

A

The first part
e.g. the staphylococcus of staph. aureus.

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14
Q

What part of a bacterium’s name denotes the species

A

The second part
E.g. the baumannii of acinetobacter baumannii

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15
Q

What does LPS do?

A

Ilicits a strong immune response in animals & humans
Jesus Christ its an endotoxin!

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