Microbiology Flashcards
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of bone and medullary cavity
Usually in one of the long bones
Where does Osteomyelitis most commonly affect in children vs adults?
Children - long bones
Adults - vertebrae
How do you give antibiotics in bone infections?
IV - better bone penetration
Esp important for fluxloxacilin
Where does Osteomyelitis most commonly affect in children vs adults?
Children - long bones
Adults - vertebrae
Most common microbial cause of Osteomyelitis?
Staph aureus
Treatment of Osteomyelitis
Acute - IV flucloxacillin (with rifampcin???)
May require surgery to remove sequestrum
Investigation of Osteomyelitis
What must you await before starting treatment?
MRI - ideal for imaging
Gold standard = bone biopsy
+ wound swabs/blood samples (not always diagnostic)
Await microbiological diagnosis before treatment UNLESS SEPSIS
When would you suspect osteomyelitis in fractures?
Non-wound healing bones
More common in open fractures
How do you diagnose osteomyelitis in diabetic ulcers?
Probe to bone is most senstitive ?
If patient is penicillin resistant what antibiotic will be used in place of flucloxacillin?
Vancomycin
What is the oral switch for IV fluxocillin?
Oral doxycline (better bone penetration)
What genetic condition is associated with osteomyelitis?
Sickle cell
Gaucher’s disease
How would vertebral osteomyelitis present?
How long do you keep up treatment?
Insidious pain and tenderness in back
Raised inflam markers
Drainage of infection and antibiotics for min. 6 weeks
Difference between osteomyelitis and osteitis?
osteomyelitis is an inflammation caused by infection
osteitis just an inflammation of bone
Prosthetic joints infection is most typically caused by?
Staph aureus
Staph epidermis - vancomycin
