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Study Notes - Principles > *Microbiology 5 (antibiotic man/ antibiotics given for what) > Flashcards

*Microbiology 5 (antibiotic man/ antibiotics given for what) Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment of mild CAP?

A

Oral Amoxicillin

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2
Q

Treatment of mild CAP if penicillin allergy?

A

Oral Doxycycline

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3
Q

Treatment of moderate CAP?

A

IV Amoxicillin

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4
Q

Treatment of moderate CAP if penicillin allergy?

A

IV clarithromycin

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5
Q

Treatment of severe CAP?

A

Co-amoxiclav IV + either Clarithromycin IV or doxycycline oral
Step down to doxycycline

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6
Q

Treatment of severe CAP if penicillin allergy?

A

IV Levofloxacin

Step down to doxycycline

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7
Q

Treatment of severe HAP/ aspiration pneumonia?

A

IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + gentamicin

Step down to co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

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8
Q

Treatment of severe HAP/ aspiration pneumonia if penicillin allergic?

A

IV co-trimoxazole + metronidazole + gentamicin

Step down to co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

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9
Q

Treatment of non-severe HAP/ aspiration pneumonia if penicillin allergic?

A

oral co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

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10
Q

1st and 2nd line treatment for acute exacerbation of COPD?

A

1st line = amoxicillin

2nd line = doxycycline

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11
Q

Treatment for endocarditis (native valve indolent (Subacute))?

A

Amoxicillin IV + gentamicin IV

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12
Q

Treatment for endocarditis? (native valve severe sepsis (acute))

A

Flucloxacillin IV

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13
Q

Treatment for endocarditis? (prosthetic valve or suspected MRSA)

A

Vancomycin IV + Rifampicin oral + gentamicin IV

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14
Q

Treatment for endocarditis? (native valve severe sepsis + risk factors for resistant pathogens)

A

Vancomycin IV + Meropenem IV

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15
Q

Treatment of non-severe C. diff. infection?

A

Oral metronidazole

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16
Q

Treatment of severe C. diff.?

A

IV vancomycin +/- IV metronidazole

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17
Q

Treatment of peritonitis/ biliary tree infection/ intra-abdominal infection?

A

IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + gentamicin

Step down to oral Co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

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18
Q

Treatment of peritonitis/ biliary tree infection/ intra-abdominal infection if allergic to penicillin?

A

IV vancomycin + metronidazole + gentamicin

Step down to oral Co-trimoxazole + metronidazole

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19
Q

Antibiotics for acute gastroenteritis?

A

No antibiotic treatment recommended

20
Q

Antibiotics for acute pancreatitis?

A

Antibiotic treatment does not improve outcome?

21
Q

Treatment for severe proven spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

Pipercillin/ Tazobactam IV (“Tazocin”)

Step down to oral co-trimoxazole

22
Q

Treatment for mild proven spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

Oral co-trimoxazole

23
Q

Treatment of a streptococcus throat infection?

A

Penicillin

24
Q

Treatment of a gas gangrene clostridium infection?

A

metronidazole + penicillin

25
Q

What is the first line treatment for staph. aureus infection?

A

Flucloxacillin

26
Q

Treatment of staph. and strep. skin and soft tissue infection?

A

Flucloxacillin

27
Q

Treatment of urinary sepsis/ pyelonephritis in hospital?

A

Amoxicillin and gentamicin

28
Q

Treatment of pyrexia of unknown origin?

A

Amoxicillin + gentamicin + metronidazole

29
Q

What 3 bacteria can co-amoxiclav not treat?

A

MRSA
Pseudomonas sp.
Resistant coliforms

30
Q

What is used to treat pyelonephritis in the community?

A

Co-amoxiclav

31
Q

How are the atypical pneumonias treated?

A

Clarithromycin, Ciprofloxacin

32
Q

What antibiotics can be used to treat MRSA?

A

Vancomycin, Gentamicin

33
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat co-agulase negative staph infection in a prosthetic limb?

A

Vancomycin

34
Q

How long is gentamicin usually prescribed for?

Why must patients on gentamicin have their blood levels monitored?

A

3 days

Gentamicin toxicity can cause damage to CNVIII (deafness and dizziness) and kidneys

35
Q

What drug is given for protozoal infections?

A

Metronidazole

36
Q

What antibiotic is given for material vaginosis?

A

Metronidazole

37
Q

What are 3 problems with metronidazole?

A

It is not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy
It can give a nasty metallic taste in the mouth
It interacts badly with alcohol

38
Q

What is the only oral antibiotic that has activity against pseudomonas sp?

A

Ciprofloxacin

39
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat UTIs?

A

Trimethoprim

40
Q

What problem can sulphamethoxazole cause?

A

Rarely Steven-Johnson syndrome - a severe skin reaction

41
Q

What problem can doxycycline cause?

A

Brown staining of the teeth in children

42
Q

What is used to treat gonnorhoea

A

Ceftriaxone (given IM)

43
Q

What is used to treat bacterial meningitis?

A

Ceftriaxone (IV)

44
Q

What drug (in very general terms) is used to treat gram positive bacteria?

A

Amoxicillin

45
Q

What drug (in very general terms) is used to treat gram negative bacteria?

A

Gentamicin

46
Q

What drug is used to treat anaerobic bacteria?

A

Metronidazole

Study Notes - Principles (39 decks)

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