*Anatomy - CV system Flashcards
Where does the systemic circulation travel?
From the left side of the heart to the capillary beds of organs and tissues and back to the right side of the heart
Where does the pulmonary circulation travel?
From the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart
In what part of the thoracic cavity is the heart located?
What is this?
Mediastinum
The area between the lungs
What are the divisions of the mediastinum?
Superior and inferior
Inferior divided into anterior, middle, posterior
In what part of the mediastinum is the pericardium located?
Middle mediastinum
What are the 2 layers of the pericardium?
Outer fibrous pericardium
Inner serous pericardium (divided into visceral serous pericardium and parietal serous pericardium)
What are the 2 purposes of the fibrous pericardium?
To prevent overfilling
Protects us from penetrating injuries
How does a cardiac tamponade develop?
if the pericardial cavity fills with blood (haemopericardium) the increased pressurebcan prevent cardiac contraction
What does the serous pericardium secrete?
Serous fluid (lubrication = frictionless surface for the heart to expand)
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
What is each made up of?
External = epicardium (visceral serous pericardium) Middle = myocardium (muscle layer) Internal = endocardium (internal lining - continuous with endothelium of blood vessels connecting with the heart)
What are the 3 surfaces of the heart?
anterior
Posterior (base of the heart - formed from both atria)
Inferior surface of heart (diaphragmatic surface)
What forms the right border of the heart?
Right atrium
What forms the left (lateral) border of the heart
Left ventricles
What branches off of the pulmonary trunk?
The pulmonary arteries (right pulmonary artery, left pulmonary artery)
Valve between right atrium and right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
