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Study Notes - Principles > *Anatomy - Reproductive System > Flashcards

*Anatomy - Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Male gametes?

Female gametes?

A

Spermatozoa

Oocyte or ovum

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2
Q

Are gametes diploid or haploid?

A

Haploid

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3
Q

Male gonad?

Female gonad?

A

Testicle

Ovary

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4
Q

What is formed when a spermatozoa fertilises an oocyte?

A

Zygote (diploid)

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5
Q

What does the pelvic floor (pelvic diaphragm) separate?

A

Separates the pelvic cavity and perineum (internal wall of skeletal muscle)

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6
Q

What is inferior to the pelvic floor?

A

The perineum (includes both skin and underlying muscle

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7
Q

What forms the pelvic roof?

A

Parietal peritoneum

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8
Q

What is the name of the pouch between the bladder and uterus?

A

Vesico-uterine pouch

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9
Q

What is the name of the pouch between the rectum and uterus?

A

Rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) - most inferior part of the peritoneal cavity

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10
Q

What are the 3 holes that women have in their perineum? - from anterior to posterior

A

External urethral orifice
Vaginal orifice
Anus

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11
Q

What is the female reproductive organs?

A

Ovaries

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12
Q

What are the accessory reproductive organs? (3)

A

Uterine tubes
Uterus
Vagina

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13
Q

What are the 3 layers of the body of the uterus wall?

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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14
Q

What is the neck of the uterus called?

A

The cervix

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15
Q

Parts of the uterine tubes (from the ovaries to the uterus)? (4)

A

Fimbriae of the peritoneal cavity
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus

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16
Q

What happens after the ovum is released from the surface of an ovary?

A

The ovum is released into the peritoneal cavity and is then gathered by the fimbriae into the infundibulum of the uterine tube

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17
Q

How is the ovum moved along the uterine tube?

A

By the cilia

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18
Q

What happens during menstruation?

A

An unfertilised ovum is expelled by contractions of the myometrium

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19
Q

What happens during an ectopic pregnancy?

Where can this be?

A

The fertilised ovum implants outwith the uterine cavity (tubal pregnancy (97%) or abdominal pregnancy

20
Q

Why is an ectopic pregnancy a potential emergency?

A

Danger of haemorrhage

21
Q

What is involved in female sterilisation?

A

Tubal ligation

Both uterine tubes are either clipped, cut or cauterised

22
Q

What is the position of the anatomical position of the penis?

A

Erect (anterior surface is at front when erect)

23
Q

What is the hole on the penis?

A

The external urethral orifice

24
Q

What is the scientific name for the hood of the penis?

A

Prepuce

25
Q

Where does the testis originate during development?

A

On the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity

26
Q

What do the testis pass through when the descend into the scrotum?

A

Through the anterior abdominal wall (inguinal canal)

27
Q

What is the tube that sperm pass through which connects the testis to (almost) the urethra?

A

Vas deferens (follow the testis into the scrotum)

28
Q

What does the inguinal canal convey in women?

A

The round ligament of the uterus

29
Q

Where are sperm produced?

A

In the seminiferous tubules

30
Q

What is the temp. of the seminiferous tubules?

What helps to control this?

A

About 1 degree below core body temperature

Dartos muscle helps to control temp.

31
Q

Where do sperm pass from the seminiferous tubules to?

A

Rete testis

32
Q

Where does sperm pass from the rate testis to?

A

The head of epididymis -> tail of epididymis

33
Q

Where does the sperm pass from the tail of epididymis to?

A

Vas deferens

34
Q

what is contained within the spermatic cord?

A

Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins

35
Q

What is torsion of the testis?

A

Twisting of spermatic cord which distrust blood supply and causes severe pain - medical emergency as can cause testicular necrosis

36
Q

What produces seminal fluid?

What does the seminal fluid do?

A

The seminal gland

It contains fructose which provides energy to the sperm helping them move

37
Q

What does the duct from a seminal vesicle and a vas deferens join to form?

A

The ejaculatory duct

38
Q

What does the ejaculatory ducts and the vas deferens join to form?

A

The urethra

39
Q

What is the part of the urethra that passes through the prostate called?

A

The prostatic urethra

40
Q

Parts of the penis?

A

Root of penis
Body of penis
Glans
External urethral orifice

41
Q

What does the penis contain which helps it become arrest?

A

3 cylinders of erectile tissue which become engorged with blood helping it become erect

42
Q

What are the male accessory reproductive organs? (4)

A

The vas deferens
Seminal glands
Prostate gland
Penis

43
Q

What does each vas deferens pass in the abdominal cavity through to reach the pelvic cavity?

A

Inguinal canal

44
Q

What is semen?

A

Sperm + seminal fluid

45
Q

Where is immediately superior to the prostate gland?

A

The bladder

46
Q

Where does the urethra open on the penis?

A

At the external urethral meatus

47
Q

What is the procedure called which produces male sterilisation?

A

Vasectomy

Study Notes - Principles (39 decks)

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