microbiological diagnosis of chest infection

Question 1

what are the diagnostic techniques for chest infections?

Answer 1

Microscopy and culture of sputum and blood
Antigen detection methods
Nucleic acid amplification (PCR)
Serology (antibody measurement)

Question 2

what kind of microscopy would you use for sputum

Answer 2

gram stain

Question 3

what stain would you use for TB

Answer 3

ZN or auramine phenol stain

Question 4

what kind of bacilli is TB?

Answer 4

acid and alcohol fast bacilli

Question 5

how is a sample collected for broncho-alveolar lavage

Answer 5

lower airway sample collected at bronchoscopy

Question 6

what kind of culture is taken with severe sepsis?

Answer 6

blood cultures

Question 7

do patients with pneumonia have bacteraemia?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what organisms are not easily cultured?

Answer 8

Legionella pneumophila
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydia psittaci (birds)
Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)

Question 9

what is EIA?

Answer 9

enzyme immuno-assay

Question 10

what is ELISA

Answer 10

enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Question 11

what method is gradually taking over from other non cultural methods of diagnosis?

Answer 11

PCR

Question 12

what are respiratory viruses?

Answer 12

Influenza A and B
Adenovirus
RSV
Parainfluenza viruses
Metapneumovirus
Coronavirus
Rhinovirus

Question 13

what does serological diagnosis measure?

Answer 13

host antibody response to organism

Question 14

what antibody is used as a marker for current infection in serological diagnosis?

Answer 14

IgM

Question 15

which antibody represents a previous infection in serological diagnosis?

Answer 15

IgG

Question 16

what is antibody measurement now mostly used for?

Answer 16

determine immunity