Microbio/Malattie infettive Flashcards
What are the steps involved in bacterial recombination?
transformation (when bacteria take up free DNA and incorporate it)
transduction (when virus makes bacteria replicate for it)
conjugation (done btw sex pilli and plasmids)
How is rabies spread?
saliva only
What dye is able to stain the granules present inside corynebacterium?
Loeffler stain (a methylene blue stain)
Can also use Tinsdale
Neissers stain colors the nucleus of bacteria
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How is Taenia saginata infection transmitted to humans?
Raw beef contaminated with cysticerci
Causes Taeniasis: diagnosis is usually established by identifying eggs or proglottids in the stool.
The first-line therapy is praziquantel, alternatively replaced by niclosamide.
THIS DOES NOT CAUSE CISTERCIROSIS (LARVAE INFECTION) IT ONLY CAUSES ADULT WORM SPREAD
The pathogenic forms of SPIROCHETES for humans are classified into three genera: Treponema, Borrelia and Leptospira.
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The drug of choice for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is:
Antimonials as first-line drugs, such as sodium stibogluconate or meglumine antimoniate, administered intravenously or intramuscularly for 28-30 days. Alternatively, intravenous amphotericin B can be used.
SX: “stuffed nose” sensation, nasal secretions and nosebleeds
Destructive lesions
Collapse of the nasal walls (“tapir nose”)
Perforation of the nasal septum and/or of the hard palate. In some cases, the lips, cheeks, pharyngeal mucosa and laryngeal mucosa may also be affected.
The POR protein prevents phagolysosomal fusion following phagocytosis. The OPA protein mediates binding to epithelial cells, while the RMP protein protects surface antigens from antibodies. ARE ALL VIRULENCE FACTORS OF GONOCOCCO
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Why doesnt imipenem-cilastatin work on mycoplasma?
Mycoplasma genus have no cell wall and this characteristic makes them by definition insensitive to the action of antibiotics that inhibit the synthesis of the bacterial wall, such as beta-lactams and glycopeptides
In a patient undergoing lung transplantation, which clinical manifestations is most likely caused by a CMV infection?
the main clinical manifestations, which arise more frequently between 1 and 4 months after the transplant, are fever with leukopenia, pneumonia and gastrointestinal disorders (colitis and esophagitis primarily, even if generally the transplanted organ is particularly sensitive to the virus )
he etiological agent mainly responsible for aggressive or juvenile periodontitis is A.actynomicetemcomitans, more precisely the JP2 strain of the latter which appears to be the most virulent
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Ziehl-Neelsen staining is used to look for:
to recognize the presence of mycobacteria in a biological sample by exploiting its characteristic alcohol-acid resistance.
Chlamydia trachomatis is the main causative agent of nongonococcal urethritis syndrome, currently the most common sexually transmitted bacterial disease.
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The presence of flagellated protozoa on wet microscope examination is typical of an infection. Which?
Trichomonas vaginalis
The laboratory diagnosis of active genital herpes infection is mainly based on:
viral culture and PCR performed preferably on vesicular fluid are the tests of first choice in a patient with active lesions
serology (testing the specific antibody titer) is the preferred method in patients without active disease
