Final review Flashcards
Aspirin (Acetylcistein) is a X inhibitor of Y COX1 and COX2
X= irreversible or reversible
Y= both or either
Irreversible
Both
Dry cough, dyspnea, diabetes insipidus, erythema nodosum.
RX shows bilateral hilar lmphadenopathy. What is the possible pulmonary diagnosis
Sarcoidosis
Erythema nodosum is an inflammation of subcute fat caused by
delayed hypersensitivity rxn.
What is sarcoidosis?
An idiopathic, chronic inflammatory dx characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas, typically in the lung and, less commonly, in the liver, eyes, and skin.
Treatment is corticosteroids
Most frequent extra-articular manifestation of
Ankylosing spondylitis
Acute anterior uveitis
Presents with PAIN!!
(Posterior uveitis does NOT)
How to perform the SCHOBER test for ankylosing spondylitis
To assess lumbar forward flexion
With the patient standing, the examiner marks two points on the patient’s back: one at L5 and one 10 cm above.
The patient is asked to touch their toes without bending their knees.
An increase of < 4 cm between the two points suggests impaired spine flexion
Drugs to suspend prior to surgery
+ Hours/days
- Anti-aggregants (except cardio ASA): TICAGRELOR 3 days prior, CLOPIDOGREL 5 days, PRASUGREL 7 days prior, TICLOPIDINA 10 days.
- Some oncologic/immunosuppressive terapy
- Heparin Sodica 4-6 hours, LMWH 12 hours, NAO (apixaban etc) 24-48 hours, Warfarin/dicoumarolics 5 days
- ACEi and ARBs are case to case. If for chronic HTN then suspend.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria has X CFU.
The patient is asymptomatic. Whats the procedure?
X= >=10^4
Repeat UrineCX.
Pregnant or have to undergo instrumental urological manuvers need screening and antibiotics
Nivolumab is a checkpoint inhibitor, aka
ANTI PD-1
Allows activation of T cells that target the tumor
How many cc is the anatomical dead space
That does not participate in gas exchange
150 cc
What is multiple myeloma
Hyperviscosity syndrome (IgM/IgG gammaglobulins >=3d/dl)
Bone marrow biopsy showing >10% plasma cells
Cobalamine is V B12 deficiency
Associated anemia is
Macrocytic.
Usually Pernicious anemia (autoimmune atrophic gastritis with intrinisc factor deficiency)
Thalassemia’s/Low ferritin cause microcytic
For symptomatic bradycardia you give x amount of atropine
0.5 mg bolus, up to 6 times
AEIOU mnemonic for emergency dialysis indications
- A: acidosis metabolic (ph<7.1)
- E: HyperKalemia
- I: Ingestion of toxins/digitalis
- O: fluid overload
- U: uremia (with pericarditis and mental decline)
Kartagener syndrome
Young’s syndrome
Yellow nail syndrome
William Campbell syndrome all
Cause bronchiectasis
Risk = p x e
Hazard (pericolo)
Exposure
