Microbial metabolism Flashcards
Lag phase?
- Initial period of adaptation to a new environment2. Increase in metabolic activity3. Sensitive to antimicrobials4. Little to no cell division
During what stage(s) are bacteria susceptible to antimicrobials?
- Lag2. Exponential
Exponential phase
- Rapid multiplication by binary fission2. Most susceptible to antibiotics
Stationary phase
- Nutrients depleted, waste products accumulate2. Decreased growth rate3. Spore forming bacteria initiate sporulation
During what growth phase do spore forming bacteria begin sporulation?
Stationary phase
Decline phase
More bacteria die than are generated
Obligate aerobe
Bacteria that require oxygen and metabolize by respiration
Obligate anaerobe
Bacteria that are inhibited or killed by oxygen and utilize fermentation exclusively for energy production
Facultative anaerobe
- Bacteria that grow well under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. If oxygen is available they respire, if not they use fermentation2. Majority of bacteria
Microaerophilic
Require 5-10% oxygen for optimal growth
What does catalase (or peroxidase) do?
Breaks down H2O2 into O2 and H2O
What does superoxide dismutase do?
Detoxifies O2- to H2O and O2
What must bacteria synthesize to make nucleic acids, making it a target for antibiotics?
Folate
What do quinolones target?
DNA gyrase
What drug class targets DNA gyrase?
Quinolones