Bacterial sexually transmitted infections I

Question 1

What chlamydia species is the most common cause of genital infection and conjunctivitis?

Answer 1

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 2

Does chlamydia have peptidoglycan in its cell wall?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

What is the shape of chlamydia bacteria?

Answer 3

Cocci

Question 4

What is the infectious particle in chlamydia?

Answer 4

Elementary body

Question 5

What is the replicating / metabolically active particle in chlamydia?

Answer 5

Reticulate body

Question 6

Chlamydia inclusions are made up primarily of elementary bodies or reticulate bodies?

Answer 6

Reticulate bodies

Question 7

The multiple chlamydia trachomatis serovars are based on what protein?

Answer 7

Major outer membrane protein

Question 8

Chlamydia has a tropism for what type of cell?

Answer 8

Nonciliated, columnar, cuboidal, and transitional epithelial cells

Question 9

How does chlamydia do cytotoxic damage?

Answer 9

Destruction of epithelium (cell lysis) and proinflammatory cytokine response

Question 10

Without treatment, chlamydia can lead to what condition?

Answer 10

Fibrosis (infertility)

Question 11

Which serovars are responsible for trachoma?

Answer 11

A, B, Ba, C

Question 12

Which serovars are responsible for urogenital tract infection?

Answer 12

D-K

Question 13

Which serovars are responsible for lymphogranuloma venerum?

Answer 13

L1, L2, L2a, L2b, L3

Question 14

Why are LGV serovars more invasive than the other serovars?

Answer 14

Replication in mononuclear phagocytes

Question 15

What is the leading cause of preventable blindness in the world?

Answer 15

Chronic chlamydia conjunctivitis

Question 16

What are the symptoms of acute conjunctivitis in sexually active adults?

Answer 16

1. Mucopurulent discharge2. Keratitis 3. Corneal infiltrates 4. Occasional corneal vascularization

Question 17

What can help prevent transmission of neonatal conjunctivitis?

Answer 17

Erythromycin eye drops

Question 18

What is the presentation for male C. trachomatis UG infection?

Answer 18

Dysuria and thin urethral MUCOPURULENT discharge

Question 19

What are the complications of male C. trachomatis UG infection?

Answer 19

Epididymitis, prostatitis

Question 20

What is Reiter syndrome?

Answer 20

1. Complication of male C. trachomatis UG infection 2. Urethritis, conjunctivitis, polyarthritis

Question 21

What is the presentation for female C. trachomatis UG infection?

Answer 21

Mucopurulent discharge

Question 22

Is UG chlamydia infection more common in men or women?

Answer 22

Women

Question 23

What disease presents with primary (painless) lesions / papules and inflammation and swelling of lymph nodes draining the site of infection with inguinal lymphadenopathy?

Answer 23

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)

Question 24

What is a common result of lymphatic spread in LGV?

Answer 24

Proctitis

Question 25

What are the tests for C. trachomatis?

Answer 25

1. Giemsa stain 2. Iodine stain 3. Immunofluorscence 4. PCR

Question 26

What does the Giemsa stain detect in C. trachomatis infection?

Answer 26

Cytoplasmic inclusions (need epithelial cells)

Question 27

What does the iodone stain detect in C. trachomatis infection?

Answer 27

Reticulate bodies (need epithelial cells)

Question 28

What does immunofluorescence detect in C. trachomatis infection?

Answer 28

Elementary bodies (need epithelial cells)

Question 29

What sample is needed for PCR diagnosis of C. trachomatis?

Answer 29

Urine or urethral discharge

Question 30

What is the treatment for C. trachomatis infection?

Answer 30

Doxycycline or macrolides

Question 31

Does chlamydia infection confer immunity?

Answer 31

No

Question 32

Is neisseria gram negative or gram positive?

Answer 32

Gram negative

Question 33

What is the shape of neisseria?

Answer 33

Diplococci

Question 34

Is neisseria aerobic or anaerobic?

Answer 34

Aerobic

Question 35

Is neisseria catalase positive or negative?

Answer 35

Positive

Question 36

Is neisseria oxidase positive or negative?

Answer 36

Positive

Question 37

Does neisseria form spores?

Answer 37

No

Question 38

How can N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae be distinguished?

Answer 38

N. meningitidis ferments maltose, N. gonorrhoeae does not

Question 39

What are the N. gonorrhoeae virulence factors?

Answer 39

1. Pilin 2. Por protein 3. Opa protein 4. LOS 5. Outer membrane blebs 6. IgA1 protease 7. B-lactamase

Question 40

What is the role of pilin in N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 40

Attachment, anti-phagocytic

Question 41

What is the role of por protein in N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 41

Promotes intracellular survival

Question 42

What is the role of opa protein in N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 42

Attachment to eukaryotic cells

Question 43

What is the role of LOS in N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 43

Endotoxin

Question 44

What is the role of the outer membrane blebs in N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 44

Contain LOS and OM proteins, enhance toxicity and absorb antibodies

Question 45

What is the role of IgA1 protease?

Answer 45

Destroys IgA

Question 46

What is the role of B-lactamase?

Answer 46

Hydrolyzes B-lactam ring in penicillin

Question 47

Which N. gonorrhoeae virulence factors undergo antigenic variation?

Answer 47

1. Pilin 2. Por protein 3. Opa protein 4. LOS

Question 48

Neisseria infections are associated with deficiencies in what complement components?

Answer 48

Late complement components C5b-C9

Question 49

What are the late complement components responsible for?

Answer 49

Formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) - lysis of pathogen

Question 50

What is the horizontal spread of N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 50

Eye - mouth - genitals

Question 51

Does N. gonorrhoeae have a capsule?

Answer 51

No

Question 52

How do the gonococci attach to mucosal cells?

Answer 52

Pili, PorB, Opa

Question 53

What do gonococci do after invasion of mucosa?

Answer 53

1. Replicate inside cells, lysis 2. Phagocytosis by macrophage / neutrophil 3. LOS stimulates inflammation

Question 54

What kind of discharge accompanies N. gonorrhoeae infection?

Answer 54

Mucopurulent discharge

Question 55

What are the disseminated effects of N. gonorrhoeae infection?

Answer 55

Septicemia, skin and joint infections, suppurative arthritis, pustular rash on extremities

Question 56

What always accompanies N. gonorrhoeae genital infection?

Answer 56

Pharyngitis

Question 57

What is the diagnosis for N. gonorrhoeae infection?

Answer 57

1. Direct smear 2. Culture 3. PCR

Question 58

What would a gram stain for N. gonorrhoeae reveal?

Answer 58

Gram negative bean shaped diplococci in NEUTROPHILS

Question 59

How can N. gonorrhoeae be cultured?

Answer 59

1. Chocolate agar (nonselective) 2. Thayer-Martin media (selective)

Question 60

What is the treatment for N. gonorrhoeae?

Answer 60

Ceftriaxone plus doxyclycline or azithromycin (for chlamydia since they probably have that too)