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Year 1 Microbiology > GI viruses > Flashcards

GI viruses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What virus family does polio virus belong to?

A

Picornaviridae

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2
Q

What is the polio virus genome?

A

RNA

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3
Q

What is the transmission for polio virus?

A

Fecal-oral

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4
Q

Which polio vaccine does not have a risk for VAPP?

A

Inactivated

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5
Q

What are features of the live attenuated polio vaccine?

A
  1. Trivalent 2. Replicates in GI tract 3. Shed in stool for 6 weeks following inoculation 4. 1/2mil vaccine doses revert to VAPP
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6
Q

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of setting?

A

Viral gastroenteritis can occur in both developed and developing countries

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7
Q

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of vomiting?

A

Prominent - can be only disttinguishing feature especially in children

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8
Q

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of diarrhea?

A

Common - non-bloody in almost all cases

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9
Q

How is viral gastroenteritis different from bacterial in terms of diagnosis?

A

Often a diagnosis of exclusion

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10
Q

Rotavirus is most severe for what age group?

A

3-24 months

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11
Q

What is the genome for rotavirus?

A

dsDNA, segmented

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12
Q

What is the clinical presentation for rotavirus?

A
  1. 1-3d incubation 2. Vomiting and diarrhea for 4-7d, occasional cough 3. 33% of patients have fever >102F 4. Typically infects 3-25mo patients 4. Malabsorptive diarrhea
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13
Q

What is the pathogenesis for rotavirus?

A

1.

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14
Q

What does the rotavirus NSP4 toxin do?

A

Induces calcium release

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15
Q

Which rotavirus toxin induces calcium release?

A

NSP4

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16
Q

What is the diagnosis for rotavirus?

A
  1. EIA - looking for Abs to virus 2. EM, rtPCR
17
Q

What are the rotavirus vaccines?

A
  1. Rotateq 2. Rotatrix
18
Q

What does the Rotateq vaccine protect against?

A

G1-G4, G9

19
Q

How is the Rotateq vaccine made?

A

Reassortment between human and bovine rotaviruses

20
Q

How is the Rotatrix vaccine made?

A

Live attenuated strain of human rotavirus G8

21
Q

What age is recommended for the rotavirus vaccine?

A

Before 12 weeks

22
Q

What are the clinical symptoms of norovirus?

A
  1. Incubation 24-48h 2. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea for 24-60h 3. 50% have low grade fever 4. Affects all age groups 5. Pathology similar to rotavirus
23
Q

What virus family does norovirus belong to?

A

Caliciviridae

24
Q

What is the norovirus genome?

A

+ssRNA

25
Q

What is the transmission for norovirus?

A

Fecal-oral

26
Q

What is the virulence for norovirus?

A

As few as 100 virions can infect

27
Q

What is the genome for adenovirus?

A

dsDNA, naked capsid

28
Q

Which adenovirus serotypes cause GI disease?

A

40 and 41

29
Q

What are the clinical manifestations for adenovirus gastroenteritis?

A
  1. 8-10d incubation 2. May have fever and vomiting 3. Watery, non-bloody diarrhea 7-8d 4. No seasonal variation 5. Primarily in children
30
Q

What is the diagnosis for GI adenoviruses?

A

Looking for antigens to adenovirus in stool sample

31
Q

What is the astrovirus genome?

A

+ssRNA

Year 1 Microbiology (42 decks)

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