Fungal and parasitic infections of the CNS Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What are the five fungi that have potential to cause systemic infections?

A
  1. Histoplasma 2. Blastomyces 3. Paracoccidioides 4. Coccidioides 5. Cryptococcus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the leading cause of fungal meningitis?

A

Cryptococcal meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which fungus is yeast in both environment and tissues?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which fungus is dimorphic?

A

Coccidioides immitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which fungus has a spherule as part of its development?

A

Coccidiodes immitis - spherule in tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the treatment for coccidial meningitis?

A

Amphotericin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?

A

6-10 weeks with Amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine / fluconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the zygomycetes?

A

Rhizopus, absidia, mucor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the morphology of the zygomycetes?

A

Broad, aseptate hyphae and sporangia bearing sporangiophores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which fungal infection is seen primarily in diabetic patients?

A

Rhinocerebral zygomycosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rhinocerebral zygomycosis is seen mostly in what population?

A

Diabetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Entamoeba histolytica is associated with what condition?

A

Brain abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Trypanosoma brucei is associated with what condition?

A

Sleeping sickness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Plasmodium falciparum is associated with what condition?

A

Cerebral malaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the three free-living amoeba?

A

Acanthamoeba, naegleria, balamuthia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis?

A

Naegleria fowleri

17
Q

Naegleria fowleri is typically seen in what environments?

A
  1. Mostly in southern states 2. Hot tubs 3. Neti pots
18
Q

What causes granulomatous amoebic encephalitis?

A

Acanthamoeba and balamuthia

19
Q

Acanthamoeba keratitis is mostly seen in what type of condition?

A

Chronic infection of cornea - associated with contact lens use

20
Q

What is the lifecycle of toxoplasma gondii?

A
  1. Sporozoan parasite that reproduces in gut of cats 2. Oocysts contaminate food
21
Q

What indicates acute infection during prenatal toxoplasma gondii testing?

A

IgM or rising IgG titer

22
Q

Ingestion of encysted taenia solium larvae results in what condition?

A

Intestinal disease

23
Q

Ingestion of embryonated taenia solium eggs results in what condition?

A

Extra-intestinal disease

24
Q

Neurocysticercosis is a complication from what disease?

A

Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) extra-intestinal infection

25
Q

What is visceral larval migrans?

A

Infection of man by ascarid worms which normally infect dogs and cats

26
Q

What are the common migration sites for visceral larval migrans?

A

Granulomatous lesions in liver, spleen, lung, and eye