Microbial Growth at a Cellular Level

Question 1

What is generation time

Answer 1

doubling time

Question 2

What are the 5 steps of septation

Answer 2

selection of site where septum will be formed
assembly of the FtsZ ring
linkage of the FtsZ ring to plasma membrane
assembly of the cell wall synthesizing machinery
constriction of the cell and septum formation

Question 3

Where will the septum form in rod shaped organisms

Answer 3

the exact midpoint of the cell

Question 4

The smallest concentration of MinC and minD is at the ___________

Answer 4

exact mid point

Question 5

FtsZ is inhibited by large concentrations of ___________

Answer 5

minC and minD

Question 6

What is the function of minE

Answer 6

forms an intracellular track

Question 7

What does minD do?

Answer 7

rotates along the track made my minE

Question 8

What are the four steps of cell wall synthesis?

Answer 8

autolysin activity
Bactoprenol
glycolase actvity
transpeptidation

Question 9

What is the function of autolysin activity

Answer 9

cleaves beta 1,4 glycosidic linkages between NAM and NAG

Question 10

what is the function of glycosylase activity?

Answer 10

helps bind new sugars to existing sugars

Question 11

What happens during transpeptidation?

Answer 11

forms new crosslink

Question 12

where does transpeptidation get the energy from to form new crosslinks?

Answer 12

uses the removal of extra D-alanine to get the energy to form the crosslinks

Question 13

What system do caulobacter use for chromosome replication

Answer 13

partioning system, par system

Question 13

what are caulobacter?

Answer 13

stalked bacteria, commonly soil organisms, not pathogenic

Question 14

In the par system, at replication initiation, we see the anchoring of psrent chromosomes to _______ pole of the cell

Answer 14

one

Question 15

popz proteins are localized to the ________ pole in caulobacter

Answer 15

stalked

Question 16

in the par system, parB binds to a _________ sequence within the original chromosome

Answer 16

parS

Question 17

what happens when parB binds to a specific parS sequence in a chromosome

Answer 17

once bound causes a conformational change that allows parB to bind to popZ

Question 18

popZ=_________

Answer 18

anchor

Question 19

ParB = ______________

Answer 19

seeking sequence to bind

Question 20

after binding popZ, replication goes on, and parB will find another _____ sequence, popZ will already be taken up, ______ (ATPase, motor protein) will bind to parB then energy will be used to move parB to other pole

Answer 20

parS, parA

Question 21

In E.Coli (pathogenic), sepration occurs at the ______ of replication

Answer 21

end

Question 22

____________ cuts/unlinks the chromosomes in E.coli

Answer 22

topioisomerase IV

Question 23

__________ proteins grab the chromosomes as they gravitate to poles in E. Coli

Answer 23

MukBEF

Question 24

___________ oscillate on an intracellular track, and have their highest concentration at the poles, with the lowest at the exact midpoint, why is this important?

Answer 24

MinC+D, allows the cell to know where the middle is

Question 25

where are ftsZ molecules inserted? what is formed

Answer 25

at the exact midpoint, ftS ring

Question 26

What is the function of FtsA and ZipA

Answer 26

cell membrane anchors

Question 27

what is the function of FtsK

Answer 27

chromosome segregation (binds to chromosomes holding them in place)

Question 28

what is the function of Ftsi

Answer 28

peptidoglycan synthesis (septum is forming while elongation is happening)

Question 29

T/F there are multiple sites of elongation

Answer 29

T

Question 30

What are the proteins involved in the divisome

Answer 30

FtsA, zipA, FtsK, Ftsi

Question 31

the midpoint and other sites go through _____________ for cell wall elongation

Answer 31

cell wall synthesis

Question 32

MreB sites = _____________

Answer 32

elongasomes

Question 33

What are the functions of elongasomes

Answer 33

associated with plasma membrane
holds cell in the right shape, additional sites of peptidoglycan synthesis

Question 34

MreB is homolgous to ________

Answer 34

actin