Micro - Gram Negative Bacteria V Flashcards
gram negative rods
haemophilus influenza
bordetella pertussis
legionella pueumophila
all acquired through respiratory tract
capsule with invasive influenza
type B
nonencapsulated haemophilus influenza
only cause local infection
- otitis media in children
- resp disease in adults
patients with COPD with worsened wheezing, SOB, and cough
haemophilus influenza
acute epiglottitis
haemophilus influenza type B
sore throat and fever, stridor, unable to swallow, excessive saliva, epiglottis red cherry color
haemophilus influenza type B
acute eppiglotitis
most common cause of septic arthritis in infants
haemophilus influenza type B
commonly affects single joint
passive immunization
women in 8th month of pregnancy with h. influenza can be passed to breast milk
chancroid
caused by haemophilus ducreyi
- painful genital ulcer
- unilateral painful swollen inguinal lymph node
ulcer and nodes coexist
chancroid vs. herpes
both painful lesions
- but chancroid - no fever
- herpes - myalgias and fever
lypmhogranuloma venereum
chlamydia trachomatis
- painless lymph nodes
- ulcer disappears before nodes enlarged
diagnosis in cases of genital ulcers
PCR multiplex
-amplifies and detects DNA all at same time
HACEK that cause endocarditis
haemophilus actinobacillus cardiobacterium eikenella kingella
bacterial vaginitis
caused by gardnerella vaginalis
labia pruritis, fishy odor vaginal discharge
bacterial vaginitis
-gardnerella vaginalis
clue cells
vaginal epithelial cells with tiny pleomorphic bacilli in cytoplasm
-for diagnosis of gardnerella vaginalis
pertussis
caused by bordetella pertussis
whooping cough
virulence factors of bordetella pertussis
pertussis toxin
extra cytoplasmic adenylate cyclase
filamentous hemaglutinin
tracheal cytotoxin
pertussis toxin
histamine sensitization
increased insulin synthesis
promotion of lymphocyte production and inhibition of phagocytosis
FHA
pertussis virulence factor
-pili rod binding cells to epithelial cells of bronchi
3 stages of whooping cough
**most cases in adolescents and adults
1 - catarrhal stage
2 - paroxysmal stage
3 - convalescent stage - attacks less frequent, not contagious
catarrhal stage of whooping cough
lasts 1-2 weeks
-low grade fever, runny nose, sneezing, mild cough
paroxysmal stage of whooping cough
fever subsides
- characteristic bursts of nonproductive cough
- 5-20 coughs followed by whooping breath
lasts month or longer
frequent cause of unexplained cough in adolescents and adults
bordetella pertussis
-will see increased lymphocyte count with only a modest increase in neutrophils
bordet-genou medium
for bordetella pertussis
-uses non-cotton swab - calcium alginate
legionella pneumophila
aerobic gram negative rod
- facultative intracellular parasite
- can survive in biofilm
pontiac fever and legionnaires disease
pontiac fever
caused by leginoella pneumophila
- headache, muscle aches, fatigue
- followed by fever and chills
- strikes suddenly, resolves in a week
legionnaires disease
legionella pneumophila
- very high fever and severe pneumonia
- lobar consolidative pneumonia
- fever with pulse temperature dossociation
- high fever / low HR
-also cough, myalgia, confusion, headache, hyponatremia, hypophosptatemia, elevated liver enzymes
primary cause of meningitis in infants 3-36 months old
Haemophilus influenza type b
chancroid
caused by haemophilus ducreyi
