Micro Bacteria IV

Question 1

bacteria exist

Answer 1

in a haploid state

Question 2

transformation

Answer 2

DNA fragments bind cell wall of another bacteria

recipient must be competent

Question 3

transduction

Answer 3

virus (bacteriophage) infects bacteria carrying a piece of bacterial DNA

Question 4

capsid

Answer 4

around virus

-surrounding DNA or RNA

Question 5

adsorption

Answer 5

phage bind by its tail fibers on bacterial cell surface

Question 6

penetration

Answer 6

phage deposits genetic material into bacteria

Question 7

virulent phage

Answer 7

lyse and kill bacteria releasing virus

Question 8

temperate phage

Answer 8

do not immediately kill infected bacteria

forms a prophage

Question 9

lysogenic

Answer 9

bacteria with prophage integrated into their chromosomes

Question 10

lysogenic immunity

Answer 10

term to describe ability of an integrated bacteriophage to block subsequent infection by similar phage

Question 11

generalized transduction

Answer 11

with virulent phage

-accidentally packaged bacterial DNA into bacteriophage transfers to another bacteria

Question 12

specialized transduction

Answer 12

with temperate phages
-piece of bacterial DNA packaged into bacteriophage and transferred to another bacteria

aka lysogenic conversion

Question 13

major mechanism for transfer of antibiotic resistance

Answer 13

conjugation

Question 14

conjugation

Answer 14

DNA transfer by cell to cell contact

• one bacteria has F plasmid
• genes encoding sex pilus

Question 15

Hfr cell

Answer 15

F plasmid incorporated into the bacterial chromosome
-after conjugation occurs

• can then transfer entire bacterial chromosome
• or new F-prime plasmid can be spliced and transferred

Question 16

plasmids

Answer 16

important medically

-encode enzymes that degrade antibiotics or generate virulence factors

Question 17

transposons

Answer 17

mobile genetic elements
-can insert into donor chromosome without DNA homology

do not replicate independently**