Micro - Bacteria III Flashcards
number one cause of death in ICU
septic shock
both gram - and + infections
bacteremia
bacteria in blood stream
sepsis
bacteremia causing systemic immune response
septic shock
hypotension and organ dysfunction from sepsis
aka endotoxic shock
endogenous mediators - TNF and IL-1
mortality of septic shock
up to 40% of patients die
Tx for septic shock
eradicate infection
lung is most common, followed by abdomen and urinary tract
fluid and drugs to maintain BP
most common site of septic infection
lung
bacteria that produce exotoxins leading to septic shock
cAMP
cholera (vibrio cholera)
anthrax (bacillus anthracis)
montezumas revenge ( enterotoxigenic E. coli)
pertussis (bordetella pertussis)
montezumas revenge
enterotoxigenic E. coli
clostridium tetani
tetanus - uncontrolled muscle contractions
lockjaw, tetanic paralysis of resp muscles
DTAP
vaccine
diptheria
tetanus
acellular pertussis
tetanospasmin
tetanus toxin
neurotoxin
clostridium botulinum
botulism - flaccid paralysis of muscles
from botulinum toxin (neurotoxin)
most potent exotoxin
botulinum toxin
vibrio cholera
causes cholera - increases cAMP
-increased NaCl excretion - pulls fluid and elecdtrolytes
death by dehydration
cholera
choleragen
toxin in vibrio cholera
enterotoxin
five B subunits - adhesion
two A subunits - increased cAMP - more NaCl secretion
heat labile toxin (LT)
similar to choleragen
E. coli
heat stable toxin (ST)
increase GMP - inhibition of NaCl resorption
E. coli
shiga toxin
kills absorptive intestinal epithelial cells
-sloughing off of dead cells and poor absorption
bloody diarrhea
hemolytic uremic syndrome
shiga toxin
shigella dysenteria
EHEC
EIEC
staph aureus
diarrhea and vomiting less than 24 hours
bacillus cereus
vomiting less than 24 hours
-limited diarrhea
scarlet fever
streptococcus pyogenes
toxin - streptococcus pyogenic toxin
toxic shock syndrome
staph aureus
fever, rash, desquamation, diarrhea, shock
toxin - TSST-1
**strep pyogenes can also cause TSS
anthrax
bacillus anthracis
-anthrax toxin - components
anthrax toxin
PA - entry into target cell
EF - impaired neutrophil and massive edema
LF - zinc metalloprotease - TNF and IL-1 release
diptheria
corynbacterium diptheria
-myocarditis, peripheral nerve palsies, CNS defects
myocarditis, peripheral nerve palsies, and CNS defects
diptheria
exotoxin considered a human antibiotic - inhibits protein synthesis (like tetracycline and erythromycin)
whooping cough
bordetella pertussis
pertussin toxin, extracytoplasmic adenylate cyclase, filamentous hemagglutinin, tracheal cytotoxin
DTaP
vaccine
diptheria
tetanus
acellular pertussis
pseudomembranous enterocolitis
clostridium dificile
bloody diarrhea, fever, abdomen pain
-with pseudomembrane formation
pseudomembranous enterocolitis
-C. dif
